“交易安全”影响物权变动模式的原理与谱系--以“流通频率”变量为线索的展开

Transaction Security and Property Transaction: An Analysis Model Basing on Trading Frequency

物权变动制度设计应以交易安全为价值导向。但抽象层面的交易安全理论因其模糊性而难以为物权变动理论提供清晰有效的依据和指引。交易安全内涵受"流通频率"变量影响而变化,进而影响物权变动模式类型的横向分布和历史变迁。以流通频率为研究线索可以实现交易安全含义的具体化并使其更具解释力。高频流通导致交易安全向外部(第三人)偏移及物权变动模式的形式主义倾向,低频流通导致交易安全向内部(真实物权人)偏移及模式的意思主义倾向。以高频流通下的"纯外部交易安全"指导一般流通频率下的物权变动是导致物权变动制度定位严重偏离、乃至"形式主义化"的重要原因。现代普通物权变动应从一般流通频率出发,兼顾动静安全的平衡保护。

The alternation of property should reflect the transaction security; however,the latter has different meanings at different frequencies. Therefore,the choice of property alternation mode should be biased on the frequency of circulation. From the currency,bills,ordinary objects,to the possession of stolen goods,there are different modes. The ＂ formalism＂ mode seriously ignored the transaction frequency and taken place in a serious deviation from the design of ought system. The alternation mode of the ordinary things should adopt the antagonism one under the compromise position.