非医学需要胎儿性别鉴定罪的法律构造

Legal Structure of Medical Fetus Gender Test without Medical Needs

我国非医学需要胎儿性别鉴定行为屡禁不止,社会危害极大,增设非医学需要胎儿性别鉴定罪具有必要性。非医学需要胎儿性别鉴定罪的危害行为须同时具备胎儿性别鉴定技术运用和胎儿性别示明两个要素;基于公共利益保护而对生育知情权进行的限制应当保持极度克制,胎儿父母不应成为犯罪主体。非医学需要胎儿性别鉴定罪主刑的基础刑宜设置为短期自由刑,并宜同时规定加重刑。为保障非医学需要胎儿性别鉴定罪的有效适用,应当允许运用机会提供型诱惑侦查手段并强化行政执法监督措施。

In China,medical fetus gender test without medical needs did not stop despite of repeated prohibitions,causing great harm to the society. It is necessary to add the crime of testing fetus gender without medical needs into the Criminal Law. The dangerous act of this crime should be the combination of two elements： the application of technologies for fetus gender test and the expression of the fetus gender. We should minimize the restriction on the right to know in maternity for the protection of public interests. The parents should not be the subject of this crime. The principal penalty for testing fetus gender without medical needs should be short-term sentence restricting freedom,with conditions that may aggravate the sentence. To ensure efficient application of this crime,entrapment by providing opportunities should be permitted,along with strengthening measures to supervise administrative law enforcement.