精准扶贫与乡贤治理的互塑机制——以湖南L村为例

The Interrelationship of Precise Poverty Alleviation and Rural Sage Governance——A Case of Longxingao Village in Hunan Province

本文以湖南L村为例,描述并分析赢利型精英和保护型精英在扶贫治理中的不同作用。研究表明扶贫开发与乡贤治理具有相互塑造的效应,扶贫项目激活村庄获利空间从而为培育保护型精英提供经济和文化土壤,这些经济生产、社会关系和文化价值嵌入村庄社区的"中坚农民",具有能力出众、熟悉本土情况、热心村庄公益事业等属性,他们有能力且有意愿于政府-村民、市场-村民之间搭建桥梁,在项目设立、项目落地、生产经营、帮扶带动方面有效推动精准扶贫。

The paper described and analyzed that the profitable elites and protective elites played different roles in poverty alleviation, based on the survey in Longxingao village in Hunan Province. The study found that the poverty alleviation was interrelated to the rural sage governance .The project of poverty alleviation injected the resources to village for providing economic soil and cultural soil for cultivating protective elites. These mainstay peasants, whose economic production, social relations and cultural value embedded in the village were competent, familiar with local situation, and concerned about the public welfare in village, so they had ability and willingness to build bridges between government and villagers, and between market and villagers. The protective elites will effectively promote precise poverty alleviation on project establishment, project implementation, production and operation, and help and support.