摘要
目的分析2014年荣成市人民医院临床分离病原菌的种类、分布及耐药情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法收集2014年荣成市人民医院临床住院患者常规送检标本10122例,包括血、尿、分泌物、咽拭子、脓液、胸腹腔积液、胆汁、脑脊液及引流液等。常规方法进行细菌分离培养,应用法国梅里埃公司VITEK-2 Compact全自动微生物鉴定仪进行细菌鉴定及耐药性测定。结果 10122份送检标本共分离病原菌1711株,阳性率为16.9%(1171/10122),阳性标本主要来源于痰液、尿液及全血;革兰阴性菌占76.5%(1309/1711),革兰阳性菌占14.3%(245/1711),真菌占7.6%(130/1711);大肠埃希菌检出率为28.6%(489/1711)、其次为铜绿假单胞菌14.7%(252/1711)及肺炎克雷伯氏菌13.7%(234/1711);多重耐药菌检出率为10.3%(177/1711),主要为产ESBLs大肠埃希菌及肺炎克雷伯菌。分离的主要革兰阴性菌均对氨苄西林、头孢曲松、环丙沙星的耐药率较高;分离的革兰阳性菌均未发现万古霉素耐药菌株,但对青霉素、克林霉素及红霉素的耐药率较高。结论本院分离的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,对大多数常用抗生素的耐药率较高,医院应加强病原微生物的检测,合理使用抗菌药物,减少多重耐药菌的产生和播散。
Objective To analysis the distribution and antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates in the People's Hospital of Rongcheng during 2014, so as to provide the reference for the clinical rational use of antibiotics. Methods 10122 regular inspection samples of inpatients were selected during 2014 in the People's Hospital of Rongcheng, including blood, urine, secrreta, throat swab, fester, ascites and pleural effusion, bile, cerebrospinal fluid, drainage of fluid and so on. The bacteria from various clinical samples were cultured by conventional methods, the pathogenic bacteria were identified and the antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by VITEK -2 Compact automatic microbiology, analyzer. Results Among 10122 clinical samples, 1711 strains of bacteria were isolated, the positive rate was 16. 9% (1171/10122), which mainly from sputum, urine and blood. Gram negative bacteria accounting for 76. 5% ( 1309/1711 ), gram positive bacteria accounting for 14. 3% ( 245/ 1711), fungi accounting for 7.6% (130/1711). And the most common pathogenic bacteria were escherichia, coli 28.6% (489/1711 ), pseudomonas aeruginosa 14. 7% (252/1711) and klebsiella pneumonia 13.7% (234/1711). The positive rate of multi - drug resistant strains were 10. 3% ( 177/1711 ) , which were dominated by ESBLs - producing escherichiacoli and klebsiella pneumonia. Drug resistance of gram negative bacteria to ampieillin, ceflriaxone, eiprofloxacin were higher. The drug resistance of gram positive bacteria to penicilin, elindamycin, erythromycin were higher, and vaneomycin resistant strains were not detected, but drug resistance of gram positive bacteria to penicillin clindamucin and erythrocin were higher. Conclusion Most of the clinical isolates in our hospital were gram - negative bacteria and were resistant to most antibiotics. The hospital should conduct microbiological test to promote clinical rational use of antimierobial agents and reduce the incidence and spread of multi -drug resistant strains.
出处
《临床合理用药杂志》
2017年第6期72-74,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rational Drug Use
关键词
细菌
抗菌药
耐药性
Bacteria
Anti- bacterial agents
Drug resistance