球囊压迫法建立兔双节段脊髓损伤模型

Establishment of a double segmental compression model of chronic spinal cord injury in rabbits by balloon catheter insertion

背景:近年来,多水平脊髓损伤越来越受到临床医师和研究者的重视,而良好的动物模型是开展各项研究的基础。目的:建立一种新型胸椎双节段脊髓压迫动物模型。方法:通过T6、T7椎板钻孔,2F Fogarty球囊导管被置入硬膜外腔,X线下定位球囊的位置,使其位于T3、T10水平。成年新西兰大白兔24只,随机分为对照组(A组,n=4,只置入球囊,球囊不膨胀)、40μl压迫组(B组,n=10)、50μl压迫组(C组,n=10)。术后通过行为学评分、CT检查、脊髓HE染色评价该模型的可靠性。结果:三组兔Reuter评分有显著性差异(P<0.01);CT检查示球囊位于硬膜外,A组未见脊髓受压;病理切片可见B组和C组受压节段脊髓前角灰质内神经元数量减少,灰白质水肿,可见脊髓空洞,神经纤维脱髓鞘改变,泡沫细胞形成,且B组和C组有程度上的差异。结论:该动物模型较好地模拟了多节段脊髓压迫症的临床特征,操作简单、稳定性强,且能实现不同程度的压迫。

Background： In recent years, multilevel spinal cord injuries（SCI） have gained a substantial amount of attention from clinicians and researchers. An appropriate animal model is fundamental for the performance of a successful experiment.Objective： To establish a newly animal model of double segmental spinal compression at thoracic vertebrae. Methods： Two Fogarty balloon catheters were inserted into the epidural space through the drilling holes at T6 and T7. The tip of the balloon catheter was placed at T3 and T10, which was confirmed by X-ray. Twenty-four adult rabbits were randomized into3 groups： group A（n=4, Fogarty catheter inserted but not inflated）, group B（n=10, 40 μl inflation）, group C（n=10, 50 μl inflation）. The model was evaluated by behavioral scores, CT and the result of H-E staining. Results： There was significant difference in the Reuter score between the three groups（P〈0.01）. CT examination showed that the balloon located in epidural space and no spinal cord compression in group A. Pathological results showed that the amount of neurons decreased in the anterior horn of spinal cord, the gray matter became edematous, and empty spinal cord, demyelination of nerve fiber and foam cells were found in groups B and C. And different injury degree was detected between the two groups. Conclusions： This model can simulate the characteristics of multiple segmental spinal cord compression. It is a simple and reliable model for SCI.