白银市农户禽流感防控知识认知情况调查研究

Survey on the awareness of avian influenza among farmers in Baiyin city

目的了解甘肃省白银市农村地区禽流感防控知识的认知情况及其影响因素,为开展健康教育提供依据。方法在禽类养殖业较为发达的靖远县,按照经济水平与禽类养殖业发展状况,采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取2015年在调查地居住超过6个月的农户,利用调查问卷获取禽流感防控相关知识知晓情况,统计方法使用χ2检验、秩和检验、多因素logistic回归分析等。结果本研究有效调查400名农户,失访率为10.26%;调查男性占47.50%,汉族占99.50%,文化程度以初中最多(34.00%),年龄为16~82(46.24±12.49)岁;北湾镇禽流感相关知识知晓率最高(39.71%);多因素logistic回归分析表明,是否职业暴露、性别、文化程度对禽流感相关知识的知晓率影响较大(P<0.05)。结论在对农户进行健康宣教时,应根据人群特点、性别及文化程度区别对待,尤其要关注农村女性、文化程度不高人群的宣传教育方式和方法,确保宣传效果。

Objective To understand the awareness of avian influenza and its influencing factors among farmers in rural areas of Baiyin city in Gansu,so as to provide the basis for health education. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among farmers randomly selected using a stratified sampling method in Jingyuan county,a relatively developed area in poultry industry,based on local economic levels of the area.Chi-square test,rank sum test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for data statistical purposes. Results A total of 400 farmers were qualified for study analysis with the average age of（46.24±12.49）years old.47.50% were men and 99.50% were Han nationality.34.00% of participants had middle school diploma.The awareness rate was the highest of 39.71% among farmers in Beiwan town.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that occupational exposure,gender and education were major influencing factors for the awareness rate of avian influenza-related knowledge（P〈0.05）. Conclusions The overall awareness rate of avian influenza knowledge is relatively low among farmers in Baiyin city of Gansu,especially among women and those with low education levels.Therefore,health education should be enhanced in the area.