寿光市大棚菜农颈部肌肉骨骼疾患及其影响因素研究

The prevalence and influencing factors of cervical musculoskeletal disorders among greenhouse vegetable farmers in Shouguang City

目的了解蔬菜大棚菜农颈部肌肉骨骼疾患(muscaloskeletal disorders,MSDs)的发生情况及其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查的方法对蔬菜大棚种植区的菜农进行面对面问卷调查,问卷调查的结果进行χ2检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果大棚菜农颈部MSDs患病率为22.87%。单因素χ2检验发现共有24个因素与菜农颈部MSDs的发生有关,多因素logistic回归分析发现性别女性(OR=1.738,P=0.007);经常搬举重物≥20kg(OR=1.623,P=0.002);长时间跪着工作(OR=1.462,P=0.006);长时间轻微转身(OR=1.323,P=0.025);每天从事相同的工作(OR=1.501,P=0.022);年龄为颈部MSDs的危险因素。长时间坐着工作(OR=0.696,P=0.007);工作中经常使用振动工具(OR=0.572,P=0.009);经常工作轮换(OR=0.680,P=0.002)是颈部MSDs的保护因素。结论大棚菜农颈部MSDs患病率高,应该通过多种措施预防并控制其发生。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of cervical musculoskeletal disorders among greenhouse vegetable farmers and to study its influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted and greenhouse farmers from 5main vegetable growing areas were interviewed used questionnaire about the prevalence and influencing factors of cervical musculoskeletal disorders.Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to assess the risk factors of cervical musculoskeletal disorders among greenhouse vegetable famers. Results 22.87% of the subjects reported having experiencing cervical musculoskeletal disorders.25 variables were found significantly associated with cervical MSDs through chi-square test,and the female gender（OR=1.738,P=0.007）,raising objects more than 20kilograms（OR=1.623,P=0.002）,working on knee for long time（OR=1.462,P=0.006）,turning around slightly long time（OR=1.323,P=0.025）,same working（OR=1.501,P=0.022）and age were factors of cervical MSDs and sitting for long time in work（OR=0.696,P=0.007）,using shaking tools in work（OR=0.572,P=0.009）,taking turns（OR=0.680,P=0.002）,were protective factors of cervical MSDs in greenhouse vegetable farmers through multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusions The prevalence of cervical MSDs is high in greenhouse vegetable farmers.Additional measures should be taken to control and prevent the cervical MSDs.