小儿B超引导下经皮肾盂穿刺造瘘术的围手术期护理

Perioperative nursing for pediatric percutaneous nephrostomy guided by B ultrasound

目的探讨小儿B超引导下经皮肾盂穿刺造瘘术的围手术期护理。方法对本院2015年49例经皮肾盂穿刺造瘘术患儿的围手术期护理进行回顾分析，包括术前护理、术中配合、术后护理及健康指导。结果49例中，44例术后效果好，无并发症发生；4例术后有泌尿系感染；脱管1例；并发症发生率10％。结论小儿B超引导下经皮肾盂穿刺造瘘术对重度肾积水患儿术后肾功能恢复起到积极作用，积极有效的护理是提高手术成功率、减少术后并发症的重要保证。

Objective To discuss the perioperative nursing for pediatric percutaneous nephrostomy guided by B ultrasound. Method Retrospectively analyzed the perioperative nursing of 49 children undergoing percutaneous nephrostomy in 2015, including preoperative nursing, intraoperative cooperation, postoperative nursing, and health education. Results Among the 49 patients, postoperative effect of 44 patients were good, without complications; 4 patients had postoperative urinary infection; 1 patient had unplanned extubation of drainage tube; the incidence of complications was 10%. Conclusions Pediatric percutaneous nephrostomy guided by B ultrasound is effective for postoperative recovery in pediatric patients with severe hydronephrosis. Positive and effective nursing is important in improving operation success rate and decreasing postoperative comolications.