天津市儿童水痘疫苗初免后抗体水平调查

The investigation of antibody level in children immunized with first dose vaccine in Tianjin

目的了解天津市儿童水痘疫苗初免后的抗体水平、免疫效果和免疫持久性,为制定免疫策略提供参考依据。方法采集接种过1剂次水痘疫苗的儿童静脉血257份,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定水痘Ig G抗体。结果257名儿童中水痘抗体阳性152人,阳性率59.14%,抗体平均滴度439 m IU/ml。不同年龄组儿童抗体平均滴度差异有统计学意义(F=2.547,P<0.05),6~10岁组平均滴度最低。抗体平均滴度呈现随接种年限延长而明显下降的趋势,不同接种年限抗体平均滴度差异有统计学意义(F=5.253,P<0.05),接种后1~年的儿童抗体平均滴度显著高于接种后5~年的滴度(t=3.18,P<0.05)。结论建议儿童在首剂接种水痘疫苗后加强1剂,尤其在上小学前完成2剂次接种,以提高疫苗的免疫效果。

Objective To detect the antibody level in children with first dose vaccine in Tianjin, to understand the immune effect and immune persistence of the vaccine, and to provide reference for immunization strategy. Methods Venous blood sam- ples were collected from 257 children who had been vaccinated with 1 dose of varieella vaccine. The IgG antibody was tested by ELISA method. Results 152 samples were tested positive, the positive rate was 59. 14%, the average antibody concentration was 439 mlU/ml. There were significant differences in antibody concentration among different age groups （ F = 2. 547, P 〈 0.05 ）, 6 - 10 years old group was the lowest antibody level. The antibody concentration were decreased significantly with in- creasing years of immunization, and the difference was significant（ F = 5. 253, P 〈 0. 05 ）, the antibody concentration in the children at 1 year post primary immunization was significantly higher than those at 5 years post primary immunization（ t = 3.18, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion A booster is recommended for children after primary immunization, especially before it is suggested that the children in the first dose of the first dose of the vaccine to enhance the 1 dose of the vaccine, especially before the ad- mission of primary school, in order to improve the immune effect of the vaccine.