北京市外来老年人口时空演化特征及影响因素分析

Study of Spatial Characteristics of External Elderly Population and Its Influencing Factors in Beijing

本文利用第五、六次人口普查数据,分析2000—2010年北京市外来老年人口的时空演化特征及其影响因素.研究表明,北京市外来老年人口时空演化特征主要为:(1)总数小,增长快,低龄化特征明显;(2)来源地以北京为中心,人口随距离增加而减小;(3)就业集中在服务行业,受教育程度主要为初中;(4)健康水平较高,主要为健康和基本健康,社会保障主要来自离退休金、养老金;(5)空间分布呈同心圆状分布.影响北京市外来老年人口时空演化的主要因素包括外来人口数、经济发展水平、卫生机构分布、第三产业发展水平、第二产业发展水平.

Based on data of the fifth census in 2000 and the sixth census in 2010,this paper analyzes the characters of external elderly population and its influence factors in Beijing. Research shows that the external elderly population has some features：（1） Number of external elderly population was still small,but grew 274. 95% from 2000 to2010,and presented the low age tendency more and more obviously in recent years.（2） The source of external elderly population centers on Beijing presenting circular distribution,the further the distance,the fewer the number of external elderly population.（3） The external elderly population spread outward from the city center,and gradually descends to outer suburbs.（4） The external elderly population keep good healthy,and the pensions are their main source of life.（5） The external elderly population presents concentric circles in Beijing. The main influencing factors of external elderly population distribution are extensive, such as the number of external population,the stage of economic development,the distribution of health institutions,the stage of third industry and the stage of second industry.