侵权责任法视野下的环境污染侵权立法评析

Legislative Analysis of Environmental Pollution Tort in View of Tort Liability Law

在环境污染侵权、生态破坏侵权、"生态损害"事件频发的情况下,侵权责任法还以传统的以环境污染侵权为立法的全部内容,受到跨部门法和司法实践的挑战,为此,对侵权责任法中的环境污染侵权进行立法评析尤为重要。侵权责任法对环境污染侵权立法缺陷在于,保护对象上的局限、救济方式上的"一刀切"以及保障制度缺失,同时,侵权责任法对生态破坏侵权、"生态损害"出现立法的空白。因此,侵权责任法需要增设生态破坏侵权类型以扩大保护对象的范围,需要对救济方式进行"区别化"和增设保障制度以补偿和保护受害人,同时认为需要增设新的章节以要求侵害人对"生态损害"承担责任。

The environmental pollution and ecological destruction tort and ecological damage happened frequently, tort liability law is confronted with cross department law and judicial practice challenges because the entire contents of the legislation is environment pollution tort. Therefore, it has an important significance to have legislative comment about environmental pollution tort. The act of tort liability of environmental pollution tort legislation flaw is that the limitations of protection objects, relief in the way of ＂one size fits all＂ and the lack of security system, at the same time, have the blank of legislation about the act of tort liability of ecological damage infringement, ＂ecological damage＂ .Therefore, it is necessary to add the tort liability act ecological destruction types of infringement to expand the scope of protection, and relief way ＂difference＂ to compensate for and protection of the victim and to establish security system, and add a new chapter to request the infringer liable to ＂ecological damage＂.