排队还是“走后门”——“高补贴—低价格”政策下公办养老机构的入住规则

Waiting in Line or Getting in by the back door: The Dynamic Process of Beds' Allocation in the State-run Aged Care Institution under the “High-subsidy and Low-price” Policy

本文是对"高补贴—低价格"政策下公办养老机构实际入住规则的一项实证案例研究。我们的调查发现当地公办养老机构的服务收费标准因受到政府价格管制远低于成本价,政府通过各类补贴维持公办养老机构的运转。我们通过对一家大型公办养老机构入住老人申请入住时间与排队情况的比对,发现2007年开始排队后入住的被调查老人中至少有77.5%的老人通过"走后门"提前入住,部分老人甚至在大量老人排队的情况下包房入住。入住老人的经济社会地位相对较高。现行公办养老机构"高补贴—低价格"政策的主要受益者并非最需要得到政府帮助的低收入失能老人。

This is an empirical case study on the real allocation rule of beds in a state-run Aged Care Institution(ACI)under the'high-subsidy and low-price'policy.The price of state-run ACIs is regulated at a price lower than the full cost.The government provides not only the construction subsidy but also the operational subsidy to state-run ACIs.But we find in a case study on Chunhui ACI that over77.5%of aged people successfully moved in after 2007 by the back door.Most of the occupants are not low income or disabled elder persons that need subsidy most,but are in good economic condition or at a high social status.