低分子肝素钙用于下肢创伤患者术后预防静脉血栓栓塞症的临床观察

Clinical observation of low molecular weight heparin calcium in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower extremity trauma

目的观察低分子肝素钙用于下肢创伤患者术后预防静脉血栓栓塞症的临床效果,为低分子肝素钙的推广应用提供参考。方法选择2011年1月至2016年1月在我院诊治的下肢创伤患者300例为研究对象,根据预防方法的不同分为观察组与对照组,各150例。两组患者都给予人工髋关节置换术及其他髋部手术,在预防静脉血栓栓塞症中,对照组术后给予常规行为与功能锻炼干预,观察组在对照组的基础上增加皮下注射低分子肝素钙。结果观察组术后14天的下肢周径与血流速度分别为(20.14±0.28)cm和(0.92±0.14)m/s,均优于对照组的(25.44±0.31)cm和(0.62±0.34)m/s(P<0.05);观察组的静脉血栓栓塞症发生率为3.3%,明显低于对照组的21.3%(P<0.05)。结论低分子肝素钙用于下肢创伤患者术后,能缩小下肢周径,提高血流速度,有很好的应用价值。

Objective To observe the clinical effect of low molecular weight heparin calcium in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower extremity trauma, and to provide reference for the application of low molecular weight heparin calcium. Methods Three hundred cases of lower extremity trauma patients in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2016 were selected as research objects. According to the methods of prevention, all patients were divided into observation group and control group, with 150 cases in each group. The two groups were treated with artificial hip replacement. In the prevention of venous thromboembolism, the control group received routine behavior and functional exercise intervention after surgery, while the observation group received low molecular weight heparin subcutaneous injection on the basis of the control group. Results After 14 days, the postoperative lower limb circumference and blood flow velocity of the observation group were （20.14±0.28） cm and （0.92±0.14） m/s, which were better than （25.44±0.31） cm and （0.62±0.34） m/s of the control group （P〈0.05）. The incidence rate of venous thromboembolism of the observation group was 3.3%, which was significantly lower than 21.3% of the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Low molecular weight heparin calcium can be used to reduce the diameter of the lower limb and improve the blood flow velocity in patients with lower extremity trauma, which has a very good application value.