500例哮喘患儿主要过敏原分析及干预效果

Analysis of the major allergen and intervention effect of 500 cases of children asthma in Fengxian district

目的探讨500例哮喘患儿主要过敏原及干预效果。方法随机选取2012年3月至2015年3月间上海市奉贤区奉城医院收治的500例哮喘患儿,其中男287例(57.4%),女213例(42.6%);年龄3~14岁,平均年龄为(6.5±2.3)岁。采用体外检测免疫印迹方法对所有的研究对象进行过敏原检查,通过干预治疗后对治疗的效果进行分析研究。结果≤5岁哮喘患儿的TIg E浓度高于>5岁哮喘患儿,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。哮喘患儿的吸入性过敏原主要是屋尘螨、粉尘螨及屋尘等,食入性过敏原主要是牛奶、鸡蛋清/蛋等。≤5岁哮喘患儿食入性过敏原及牛奶的阳性率均高于>5岁哮喘患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其它过敏原的阳性率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。≤5岁和>5岁哮喘患儿特异性过敏原种类对此,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。≤5岁哮喘患儿干预前后年症状减少天数小于>5岁哮喘患儿,差异有统计学意义(P=0.024)。结论哮喘患儿吸入性过敏原以屋尘螨、粉尘螨和屋尘为主,食入性过敏原以牛奶、鸡蛋清/蛋为主;≤5岁哮喘患儿的食入性过敏原比>5岁哮喘患儿常见;≤5岁哮喘患儿干预治疗后的效果优于>5岁哮喘患儿。

Objective To investigate the major allergen and intervention effect of 500 cases of childhood asthma in Fengxian District. Methods 500 cases of childhood asthma were chosen between March 2012 to March 2015 in our hospital in Fengxian District; male 287 cases, accounted for 57.4%, female 213 cases, accounted for 42.6%. Age of the children was from 3 years old to 14 years old, with a mean age of （6.5_＋2.3） years. All the subjects were examined by immunoblotting in vitro, and the effect of intervention treatment was analyzed. Results TIgE concentration and TIgE positive rate of asthma children 45 years was significantly higher than that of asthma children 〉 5 years old children （P〈0.05）. The inhalant allergens were mainly house dust mites, house dust and dust mites; the main food allergens were milk, egg white/egg. The ingested allergens positive rate and positive rate of milk allergy of asthma children 45 years old were significantly higher than those of asthma children 〉 5-year-old （P〈0.05） ; other allergens positive rates had no significant differences among different age groups （P〉0.05）. The specific allergens of the asthma children 45 years old and 〉 5 years old asthmatic children this kind of specific allergens, the difference was significantly different. The number of days of reduce symptoms after intervention treatment of the asthma children 45 years old was significantly less than that of asthma children 〉 5-year- old （P=0.024）.Conclusion The major inhalation allergens of the asthma children were house dust mites, dust mites and dust, and the edible allergens were milk, egg white/egg. Asthma children ≤ 5 years old sensitive to ingestion allergens was more common than that of asthma children 〉5 years old asthma, in children common; Intervention treatment for asthma children ≤ 5 years old children was better than that of asthma children 〉 5 years old.