采空塌陷区地表裂缝发育规律分析

Analysis of ground crack laws of mining subsidence

为研究开采沉陷覆岩移动地表裂缝的发育状况,论文基于沉陷盆地主断面移动变形特征,将地表移动变形影响区划分为拉伸区、压缩区和先拉伸后压缩区,并分析了各区的裂缝发育特征;先拉伸后压缩区合理解释了裂缝的自修复现象;运用下沉曲线计算模型借助于数学计算软件,计算了沉陷盆地主断面下沉曲线的长度,提出了基于下沉曲线长度计算判断采动拉伸区裂缝发育的方法;从理论上推断了一定条件下压缩区地表可产生挤压凸起,结合工程实例,分析了地表裂缝的发育特征。

In order to study the cracks distribution characteristics on the surface of subsidence basin, subsidence basin zone was divided into tensile zone, compression zone and composite-affected zone according to the surface movement and deformation characteristics of the major cross-section subsidence curve. And the phenomenon of cracks self-repair was explained reasonably in terms of composite-affected zone. The length of subsidence curve of major cross-sectlon subsidence basin was calculated with the subsidence curve model and mathematical software, so the new method that judgment crack development was raised base on length of subsidence curve, and the extrusion fold phenomenon would be produce under certain conditions in compression zone was analyzed also. Combined with an engineering example, the development characteristics of the cracks over the gob were calculated and analyzed.