山西省儿童医院婴幼儿白血病发病情况分析

Incidence of leukemia in infants in Shanxi Children＇s Hospital

目的 统计山西省儿童医院婴幼儿白血病的发病率,了解近年来婴幼儿白血病的发病状况.方法 选取山西省儿童医院2009年1月至2015年12月首次骨髓穿刺检查的儿童5802人,中位年龄6岁（0~12岁）,对其骨髓图像分析结果进行回顾性分析,统计白血病发病情况.结果 5802例首次骨髓穿刺的儿童中,白血病患儿480例（8.27%）,其中急性粒细胞白血病（ALL）381例（79.38%）,急性髓系白血病（AML）99例（20.62%）.2009年至2015年各年婴幼儿白血病患者占首次骨髓穿刺儿童患者比例分别为5.33%（40/750）、4.92%（36/731）、7.06%（58/821）、8.34%（78/935）、10.13%（88/868）、10.89%（92/845）、10.33%（88/852）.每年男性患儿比例高于女性患儿;学龄前和学龄期儿童发病率较高[33.75%（162/480）、34.79%（167/480）].结论 山西省儿童医院婴幼儿白血病患者占首次骨髓穿刺儿童比例呈逐年上升趋势,需进一步分析研究其致病因素.

Objective To investigate the incidence of leukemia in infants, and to understand the status of this disease in recent years. Methods A total of 5802 children aged median 6 years （0-12 years） with first time bone marrow biopsy from January 2009 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed, and the results of bone marrow image analysis were analyzed retrospectively to investigate the incidence of leukemia. Results Of the 5802 cases, 480 （8.27 %） cases were children with leukemia. Among them, 381 （79.38 %） cases were acute lymphocytic leukemia （ALL）, 99 （20.62 %） cases were acute myeloid leukemia （AML）. The proportion of children with leukemia with first time marrow puncture was 5.33%（40/750）, 4.92%（36/731）, 7.06%（58/821）, 8.34%（78/935）, 10.13%（88/868）, 10.89%（92/845）, and 10.33%（88/852） from 2009 to 2015, respectively. The proportion of male patients per year was more than female, and the incidence in preschool and school-age children was higher [33.75 % （162/480） and 34.79 % （167/480）, respectively]. Conclusion The proportion of children＇s leukemia in children with the first time bone marrow aspiration in Shanxi Children＇s Hospital increases year by year, and its risk factors need to be further analyzed.