精神科男护士职业倦怠与心理健康的关系

The Relationship between Mental Health State and Job Burnout of Psychiatric Male Nurses

目的:了解精神科男护士的心理健康水平、职业倦怠状况及二者间关系。方法:对47名精神科男护士和53名女护士进行症状自评量表(SCL-90)和职业倦怠量表(MBI-GS)测试,将测试结果进行统计分析。结果:(1)精神科男护士SCL-90总分、躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、偏执、精神病性和饮食睡眠因子得分均高于女护士,差异有统计学意义(t=2.274~3.707,P<0.05);(2)精神科男护士在去人格化上的得分高于女护士,差异有统计学意义(t=2.147,P=0.034);在职业效能上的得分低于女护士,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.928,P=0.004);(3)精神科男护士职业倦怠中情绪衰竭和SCL-90总分及其各因子呈显著正相关(r=0.394~0.653,P<0.01);去人格化除敌对因子外,与SCL-90总分及其他各因子呈显著正相关(r=0.290~0.496,P<0.05);职业效能与SCL-90总分、人际关系障碍、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执和精神病因子呈显著负相关(r=-0.365^-0.427,P<0.05)。结论:精神科男护士心理健康水平低于女护士,职业倦怠水平高于女护士;男护士的职业倦怠状况与其心理健康水平密切相关。

Objective：To understand the psychiatric male nurses＇ mental health level and job burnout status as well as their relationship.Methods：47 psychiatric male nurses and 53 female nurses were tested by SCL-90 and job burnout scale test, the results were analyzed.Results： ①Psychiatric male nurses got higher scores than those of females on SCL- 90 total score, somatization, forced, depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoia, psychosis and eat sleep factor, there were significant differences （t = 2.274～3. 707, P d0.05）. ②Psychiatric male nurses got higher scores than female nurses on depersonalization, （t = 2.147, P 〈0.05） ; Female nurses got lower scores on professional efficacy （t =-9..928 ,P〈0.01）.③Psychiatric male nurses emotional exhaustion of job burnout had significantly positive correla- tion with SCL- 90 total score and each factor scores（r=0.394～0.653,P〈0.01） ;Depersonalization had significantly positive correlation with SCL- 90 total score and every other factors except hostility （r = 0.290～ 0.496, P 〈 0.05 ） ; Professional efficacy had significantly negative correlation with SCL-90 total score, interpersonal dysfunction, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, paranoia and mental factor （ r = -0.365 ～-0.427, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： Psychiatric male nurses has lower levels on mental health than female nurses and higher levels on job burnout; Male nurses job burnout situation is closely related to their mental health levels.