开放教育形势下残疾大学生的心理健康与社会支持

The Relationship between the Mental Health and Social Support for the Handicapped Students in Radio and Television University's Open Education Study in Xinjiang

目的:探讨在新疆多元文化、多民族背景及开放教育形式下,残疾大学生心理健康状况与社会支持的关系。方法:采用《社会支持评定量表》和《症状自评量表》对新疆广播电视大学179名开放教育残疾大学生进行调查。结果:新疆广播电视大学开放教育残疾大学生整体心理健康水平明显好于全国常模,除躯体化因子得分与全国常模不存在显著差异,其它各因子得分都与全国常模存在显著差异(t≥3.30,P<0.01)。社会支持水平在开放教育残疾大学生的年龄、婚姻状况上表现出显著差异。中年学生主观支持维度得分(F=4.60,P<0.05)及社会支持总分(F=3.83,P<0.05)显著高于青年学生。已婚学生主观支持维度得分(t=4.05,P<0.001)及社会支持总分(t=3.56,P<0.001)显著高于未婚学生。客观支持与心理健康状况无显著相关,主观支持、对支持的利用度及社会支持与心理健康大部分因子及总分呈显著负相关。客观支持对心理健康无显著预测作用,对支持的利用度及社会支持对心理健康大部分因子及总分有显著的负向预测作用。结论:社会支持对开放教育残疾大学生的心理健康水平有显著的影响,社会支持越充分,对支持的利用度越高,心理健康状况就会越好。

Objective：To study the relationship between the disabled college students＇ mental health status and social support under multicultural, multiethnic background in Xinjiang and radio and TV university open education. Methods： 179 handicapped students of Xinjiang radio and TV university open education completed ＂Social support rating scale ＂and ＂ Symptom Self-checklist 90 （SCL- 90）＂. Results： Psychological health level of handicapped students under Xinjiang radio and TV university open education was much better than the norm.Except somatization factor score, there were significant differences in every other factor score between handicapped students and the national norm （t ≥ 3.30, P 〈 0.01 ）. The level of social support in open education for the handicapped students age, marital status, exhibited significant differences.Middle-aged students subjective support dimension scores and total scores of social support were significantly higher than those of young students（F = 4.60,3.83;P 〈0.05）. Married students subjective support dimension scores and total scores of social support were significantly higher than those of single student（t = 4.05,3.56 ; P〈0.001）. Objective support was not significantly related to mental health status ; Subjective support, the use degree of support and social support were significantly negative correlated with most factor and total score of mental health.Objective support had no significant predictive effect On mental health;The use degree of support and social support could significantly negatively predict most factor and total score of mental health.Conclusion： Social support of open education for the handicapped students mental health level has a significant impact;The more social support,the higher the use degree of support,the better mental health will be.