DCPTA和ETH复配剂对玉米茎秆力学特性及籽粒产量的影响

Effects of Mixed Compound of DCPTA and ETH on Stalk Mechanical Characteristics and Grain Yield in Maize

为探究植物生长调节剂对玉米茎秆力学特性的影响以及与产量的关系,以东农253为试材,在玉米9叶期喷施2种外源物质:玉黄金、自配的DCPTA和ETH复配剂(代号KP),以喷施清水为对照(CK)。喷施处理后,分别在玉米抽雄前10 d、抽雄期、灌浆初期、乳熟期和完熟期取其茎秆研究力学特性,并在收获期测产。结果表明,与CK相比,喷施KP和玉黄金后,株高分别下降8.87%和6.65%,穗位高分别下降17.79%和4.04%,扁率最高下降45.86%和15.86%;茎秆横折强度、穿刺强度、单位节间长度干物重、节间横截面积及皮厚最高分别提高150.17%、103.56%、215.79%、85.03%、110.48%和115.46%、56.44%、53.33%、76.19%、27.41%。收获期玉黄金处理下籽粒水分含量较CK显著下降4.97%。KP和玉黄金处理下的产量较CK增加9.23%和5.78%。相关性分析表明,植物生长复配剂处理后茎秆的皮厚、穿刺强度、横折强度、横截面积、单位节间长度干物重和田间致倒伏推力与产量呈正相关;株高、穗位高和扁率与产量呈负相关。由此可见,植物生长复配剂可以提高玉米茎秆强度以及籽粒产量。本研究结果为黑龙江玉米化控高效栽培提供了理论依据。

In order to explore the influence of plant growth regulator on the corn stem mechanical characteristics and the relationship with yield, two kinds of plant growth regulators （Yuhuangjin and KP （a plant growth regulator made by our lab）） were sprayed on Dongnong 253 at the 9-leaf stage, and water was used as control. This paper explored the stem mechanical properties of Dongnong 253 at the early tasseling stage （July 10）, tasseling stage （July 22）, initial filling stage （August 1）, milk stage （August 25） and full maturity stage （September 25）, respectively. At harvest stage, the yield was measured and the quality was analyzed. The results were showed as follows： compared with the control group, the plant height of the maize sprayed with KP and Yuhuangjin decreased by 8.87% and 6.65%, respectively; the ear height decreased by 17.79% and 4.04%, and the highest value of the oblateness decreased by 45.86% and15.86%, respectively. The stem cross-fold strength, puncture strength, dry weight per unit length, internode cross-sectional area, flat rate and epidermal thickness were increased by 150.17%, 103.56%, 215.79%, 85.03%, 110.48% and 115.46%, 56.44%, 53.33%, 76.19%, 27.41%, respectively. The characteristics of grain quality at harvest stage showed no significant difference between treatments and CK. The moisture content of maize sprayed with Yuhuangjin was 4.97% less than CK and reached the significant levels at harvest. The yield of maize treated with KP and Yuhuangjin increased by 9.23% and 5.78% higher than control. The correlation analysis showed that these values of thick-skinned, puncture strength, transverse fold strength, cross-sectional area, dry matter weight of unit internode and field lodging to thrust had a positive correlation with yield; the plant height, ear height and flat rate had a negative correlation with yields. In summary, the plant growth regulator improved the strength of corn stalks and grain yield, so this study could provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the cultivation with plant growth regulator of maize in Heilongjiang province.