从古罗斯到彼得一世:俄国书刊检查制度起源

The Origin of Russian Censorship of Books and Periodicals from Ancient Ross to Peter Ⅰ

俄国素有书刊检查的传统。多数人认为俄国书刊检查制度最早始于15—16世纪。但经过俄国学者的考证,11世纪时俄国已经出现书刊检查制度的萌芽。俄国书刊检查制度起源与宗教教育以及居民受教育水平变化有直接关系。到彼得一世时期,书刊检查制度虽然因1721年俄国第一个出版检查法令的颁布而得到一定程度的发展,但由于彼时俄国印刷业尚未普及,固未形成真正意义上的书刊检查制度。

Russia is traditional for censorship of books and periodicals and it is widely thought that censorship begins in the 15th and 16th century. But in the llth century eensorhip had sprout up, confirmed by Russian scholars. The origin of censorship bears direct relation to religious education and residents＇schooling. During the period of Peter I, censorship had developed to a certain extent because of the first law on publishing in 1721, But censorship of books and periodicals had not been formed in a re- al sense because during the period of Peter I Russian printing industry failed to spread.