北京城市植被区PM_(2.5)浓度时空变化及影响因素分析

Analysis on Spatial-temporal Variation and Influential Factors of PM_(2.5) Mass Concentration in Beijing's Urban Forest

文章在北京城市森林植被区选择2个观测点,采集2个观测点的PM_(2.5)质量浓度数据,并结合北京植物园的气象数据,研究其PM_(2.5)质量浓度变化特征和影响因素,探讨PM_(2.5)质量浓度变化对城市生活的影响。结果表明:被选观测点的PM_(2.5)浓度月变化基本呈"M"型,PM_(2.5)浓度在6月最低(西山公园为(71.01±34.34)μg/m^3,北京植物园为(44.41±31.57)μg/m^3),2月最高(西山公园为(154.07±95.70)μg/m^3,北京植物园为(139.49±100.74)μg/m^3),10月达下半年的最高值(西山公园为(133.45±109.06)μg/m^3,北京植物园为(127.04±109.34)μg/m^3);PM_(2.5)浓度全年均值为西山公园((104.02±26.45)μg/m^3)>北京植物园((82.52±28.18)μg/m^3);PM_(2.5)浓度季节变化呈"V"型在冬季最高,春季次之,夏季最低PM_(2.5)质量浓度季节变化西山公园为冬季((115.46±41.37)μg/m^3)>春季((112.39±18.50)μg/m^3)>秋季((106.37±24.25)μg/m^3)>夏季((81.87±12.60)μg/m^3),北京植物园为冬季((97.35±41.38)μg/m^3)>春季((94.07±12.21)μg/m^3)>秋季((93.17±31.42)μg/m^3)>夏季((61.86±16.70)μg/m^3);森林空旷地的空气质量优于森林内部PM_(2.5)浓度变化主要受地理位置、气象因素、人文因素的影响。

Two vegetation areas in Beijing were selected to collect PM2.5 mass concentration data,combining with meteorological data in Beijing Botanical Garden,for the purpose to study the characteristics of urban vegetation areas＇ PM2.5mass concentration and to analyze its influence factors.Effect of PM2.5 mass concentration on urban life and the corresponding countermeasures were discussed.The results showed that monthly variation of PM2.5 mass concentration has a trend of ＂M＂ type in vegetation areas,with the lowest PM2.5 mass concentration in June（（71.01±34.34） μg/m3 in Beijing Xishan Park,and：（44.41±31.57） μg/m3 in Beijing Botanical Garden） and the highest in February（（154.07±95.70） μg/m3 in Beijing Xishan Park,and（139.49±100.74） μg/m3 in Beijing Botanical Garden） and in October（（133.45±109.06） μg/m3 in Beijing Xishan Park,and（127.04±109.34） μg/m3 in Beijing Botanical Garden） which is the highest in the second half of the year.Yearly average PM2.5concentration in Beijing Xishan Park（（104.02±26.45） μg/m3） is higher than that in Beijing Botanical Garden（（82.52±28.18）μg/m3）.Mass concentration＇s seasonal variation of PM2.5 has a trend of ＂V＂ type,with the highest PM2.5 mass concentration in winter,followed by spring,and the lowest in summer.Annual variation of PM2.5 mass concentration in Beijing Xishan Park is winter（（115.46±41.37） μg/m3）〉spring（（112.39±18.50） μg/m3）〉autumn（（106.37±24.25） μg/m3）〉summer（（81.87±12.60） μg/m3）,while that in Beijing Botanical Garden is winter（（97.35±41.38） μg/m3）〉spring（（94.07±12.21） μg/m3）〉autumn（（93.17±31.42）μg/m3）〉summer（（61.86±16.70） μg/m3）.The change of PM2.5 concentration is mainly influenced by geographic location,meteorological and cultural factors.