西北干旱区交易成本对农户农业节水行为意愿的影响研究

RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF TRANSACTION TO FARMERS AGRICULTURAL WATER-SAVING BEHAVIORAL WILLINGNESS IN THE NORTHWEST ARID AREA

农户是现代节水农业发展的微观基础,农户行为意愿的强度是其农业节水选择行为的主导因子,提高农户农业节水行为意愿有利于提高现代农业节水技术的推广效率,对实现现代农业建设目标具有重要的战略意义。文章基于甘肃省张掖市农业节水户的150份调查数据,引入交易成本与资源禀赋理论,采用因子分析与结构方程模型实证检验了交易成本的3个维度(资产专用性、不确定性及交易频率)对农户节水行为意愿的作用强度。研究结果表明:农户节水行为意愿主要受经济理性认知影响,价值理性与生存理性强度依次减弱;农户自身禀赋、社会资源禀赋、自然资源禀赋对资产专用性影响效应显著;节水行为外部不确定性、与科研单位的交易频率及节水技术调整频率都增加了农业节水行为的交易成本;资产专用性、不确定性及交易频率分别对农户农业节水行为意愿产生了显著的正向、负向、负向效应,路径系数分别为0.201、-0.171、-0.014。

Farmers are the micro- foundation for the development of modern water- saving agriculture,and the strength of farmers＇ agricultural water- saving behavioral willingness is the dominant factor of the agricultural water- saving choice behavior. Improving the water- saving willingness has effect on promotingmodern agricultural water- saving technology and realizing the goal of modern agriculture. The article empirically tested the effects of three dimensions（ asset specificity,uncertainty and transaction frequency） of transaction costson agricultural water- saving behavioral willingness of farmers by using factor analysis and structural equation model,and introducing the theory of transaction cost and resource endowment,based on 150 survey data of farmers engaged in agricultural water- saving in Zhangye city Gansu province. The results showed that the agricultural water- saving behavioral willingness was mainly affected by economic rationality,followed by the strength of value rationality and survival rationality. Farmers＇ endowment,social resources endowment,and natural resources endowment hadsignificant effects on asset specificity in transaction costs dimensions. External uncertainty of water- saving behavior,transaction frequency with scientific research units and the frequency of water- saving technology adjusting all increased the transaction costs of agricultural water- saving behavior. Asset specificity,uncertainty,and the frequency of trades had positive,negative and negative effect on farmer agricultural water- saving behavioral willingness,respectively,with the path coefficients of 0. 201,- 0. 171 and- 0. 014,respectively.