从“以形写神”到“以形传神”——榫卯逻辑与沙溪传统木结构建筑保护实践

The Essence of the Sun-Mao Joints: The Logic of the Sun-Mao Joints and Conservation Practice of Shaxi's Traditional Wooden Structure

中国传统木结构建筑以榫卯构造为基本特色,发展出了独特的建构文化。榫卯式样变化多端,不断发展,但是都无法脱离基本的榫卯逻辑。文章通过考察榫卯与结构的关系,榫卯的制作材料和构造方式,结合沙溪复兴工程的具体保护实践,探讨榫卯逻辑的内在规律和实践意义,提出以"得其神,略其形"的思路来推动传统榫卯的进一步保护与发展,维持榫卯的真实性,传承并强化其遗产价值。

Based on the characteristics of the Sun-Mao joints（traditional Chinese mortise and tenon joints）, traditional Chinese wooden structure has developed a unique tectonic culture. Although the Sun-Mao joints have a great variety and keep evolving, all these root in the basic construction logic of the Sun-Mao joints. This article discusses about the inherent law and practical values of the Sun-Mao joints through the conservation practice of Shaxi Rehabilitation Project combined with the study of the relationship between the Sun-Mao joints and building structure, as well as the materials of Sun-Mao and construction methods. The article intends to help to maintain the authenticity of the Sun-Mao joints, and convey and enhance their heritage values.