巴林特小组对军队医院聘用制护士工作压力的应用效果

Analysis on the Effect of Balint Group Applied in Dealing with Occupational Stress of Employed Nurses in Military Hospitals

目的在了解军队医院聘用制护士工作压力的基础上,探索巴林特小组对国内护士工作压力的应用效果。方法采用方便抽样方法,分别对军队两所三甲医院的210名、188名聘用制护士进行工作压力调查。选取有自主意愿、工作压力得分中度以上的前10名护士作为干预对象,以医院为单位各成一组,开展为期6次的巴林特小组训练。结果两所医院护士工作压力程度接近,压力水平较高;综合医院组对象干预前后在"护理工作"维度得分上差异非常显著(P<0.001);"时间与工作量、环境与设备、管理与人际关系"3个维度得分均差异显著(P<0.005);专科医院组对象干预前后在"护理工作、环境与设备、患者护理、管理与人际关系"4个维度得分上差异非常显著(P<0.001);"时间与工作量"维度得分差异显著(P<0.005);两组对象合并后干预前后在"护理工作、时间与工作量、环境与设备、患者护理、管理与人际关系"5个维度得分上差异非常显著(P<0.001)。结论管理者应对临床护士的工作压力引起重视;巴林特小组能够有效减轻护士工作压力;对象要有选择性,并要调动其积极性;选用高素质的小组主持人;巴林特小组技术的长期效果需要深入研究。

Objective To explore the effect of Balint group on nurses with over moderate occupational stress,based on the understanding of occupational stress of employed nurses in two military hospitals. Methods210 and 188 nurses were selected respectively from two military hospitals to be investigated with the Job Stressors Scale using convenient sampling method. The nurses with top 10 highest scores in two hospitals were selected respectively and attended voluntarily a 6-week Balint Group training in their own hospitals. Results Occupational stress of employed nurses in two hospitals was at similar degree and at a relatively high level. The dimension scores of ＂nursing care＂in general hospital indicate significant difference between the pre-intervention and post-intervention（ P〈0. 001）. The dimension scores of ＂working hour and workload＂,＂environment and equipment ＂,＂management and interpersonal relationship＂are all statistically different（ P〈0. 005）. The dimension scores of＂nursing care＂,＂environment and equipment＂,＂patient nursing＂and ＂management and interpersonal relationship＂in specialized hospital indicate significant difference between the pre-intervention and post-intervention（ P〈0. 001）. The dimension score of working hour and workload is statistically different（ P〈0. 005）. The two groups＇ scores of five dimensions of ＂nursing care＂,＂working hour and workload＂,＂environment and equipment＂,＂patient nursing＂,＂management and interpersonal relationship＂indicate significant difference between the pre-intervention and post-intervention. Conclusion Occupational stress of nurses in military hospitals should be taken seriously and Balint group training is an effective way to deal with occupational stress of nurses. When it is applied,the degree of occupational stress and initiative should be considered and the chief should be selected professionally. Further research needs to be carried out for long-term effect.