CRISPR/Cas9系统在水稻基因组编辑中的应用

The Application of CRISPR/Cas9 System in Rice Genome Editing

CRISPR-Cas9基因组编辑技术通过向导RNA的介导和Cas9蛋白的切割来实现对靶基因的定点编辑,实际操作中只需对向导RNA起始的20个核苷酸进行修改即可完成对不同靶标基因的编辑,该技术以其简便、高效的特点,迅速成为动植物中最为广泛使用的基因组编辑工具。本研究对CRISPR-Cas9系统进行了简单的介绍,总结了CRISPR-Cas9系统在水稻基因组编辑中的应用,并针对该系统存在的脱靶效应,提出了几点策略,最后对CRISPR-Cas9基因组编辑技术与转基因技术之间的关系进行了探讨,并对CRISPR-Cas9系统在进一步扩大水稻基因组编辑范围、调控基因表达水平等方面进行了展望,以期为研究该方面工作的水稻育种家提供参考。

CRISPR-Cas9 system is a robust genome editing technology for site-specific genome modification by guide RNA and Cas9. In practice, it＇s very easy to edit the various target genes via designing the starting 20 nucleotides of the guide RNA. CRISPR-Cas9 system, a convenient and efficient genome editing technology, has been widely utilized to study genetic modification of plant and animal. This review introduced the situation of CRISPR-Cas9 system, summarized the application of CRISPR-Cas9 system in rice genome editing, put forward some ideas on off-target effects of CRISPR-Cas9 system, and distinguished the relation between CRISPR-Cas9 system and GMO. Finally, the future of the editing scope and gene expression level of CRISPR-Cas9 system was also discussed to provide a reference for breeders in rice genome editing.