张澍与清代西南史地研究

Zhang Shu with His History and Geography Research on Southwest Region of Qing Dynasty

清代西北学人张澍是乾嘉学派的代表人物之一,他在经学、史学、辑佚学、姓氏学、方志学、金石学、西夏学、敦煌学、民族学、文学和语言学等领域都取得了巨大成就,著作等身,嘉惠后人。西南地区是张澍的主要为官之地,从他一生的政绩和学术成就看,这一部分十分突出。张澍是一位学者型官员,在任期间,他辑佚西南地区古代作家著述,辑录刊印《诸葛忠武侯集》,编纂《续黔书》《蜀典》《大足县志》《屏山县志》等方志,为研究西南史地提供了重要文献资料。张澍十分重视金石文献证史补史作用,他考证金石碑刻,利用发现的《唐昌州刺史韦君靖碑》,纠正了史书上的重大错误。张澍首次全面系统地对大足石刻进行了研究,编纂《大足金石录》,开创了金石学研究新领域——大足学,为后世研究唐宋历史以及长江流域古代文明和社会经济发展提供了重要实物资料。

Zhang Shu,the scholar from the Northwest region in Qing Dynasty,was a major representative figure of the Qianjia school of thoughts.He made great achievements in areas such as the study of Confucian classics,history,the study of collection and compilation of scattered works,anthroponymy,local records studies,epigraphy,Tangut studies,Dunhuang studies,ethnology,literature,and philology.He had many works to his credit that benefited later generations.The Southwest region was the main area where Zhang Shu worked as an official,and the area where he made prominent achievements in politics and academic studies.Zhang Shu was both an official and a scholar.During his career as an official,he collected and compiled the works of ancient writers from the Southwest region,collected and published The Collection of Zhuge Liang the Marquis of Zhongwu,compiled local records such as Continued Book of Qian,Shu Classics,Dazu County Records,and Pingshan County Records,and provided important literature for the history and geography research of the Southwest region.Zhang Shu placed great emphasis on the role of historical proof and amendment of epigraphical literature.He did textual research on epigraphical tablets inscriptions,and corrected major mistakes in history books using the Changzhou Governor of Tang Dynasty Wei Junjing's Tablet Book he discovered.Zhang Shu was the first to conduct comprehensive and systematic research on the Dazu Stone Carvings.He compiled the Dazu Epigraphy Records,created the Dazu studies-a new research area of epigraphy studies,and provided important material objects for future research on Tang and Song Dynasty history,as well as the ancient civilization and the social and economic development in the Yangtze River region.