基于文本挖掘方法探索中医治疗肥胖病的用药规律

Exploration of the Medication Regularity of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Obesity Based on Text Mining Techniques

目的:本文借助文本数据挖掘技术,探索归纳减重文献中的用药证治规律。方法:在中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库及Pubmed中检索中药减重文献,从药性、药味、归经和功效方面对文献中所用中药进行分类并统计单味中药使用频次及构成比,运用卡方检验、因子分析归纳整理减重方剂的用药规律。结果:药物性味,组方药物药性偏向寒温性质,药味多属辛、甘、淡味;药物归经多归于脾、肝、胃和肺经;药物功效以补虚、解表、活血、理气、利水渗湿、清热为主;常用的药物配伍为:草决明、荷叶、山楂、丹参、虎杖、首乌;茵陈、淫羊藿、防己、川芎;陈皮、半夏、茯苓;车前子、大腹皮、夏枯草;芍药、当归、黄芩、川芎;茯苓、桂枝、白术、甘草;枳实、厚朴;柴胡、枸杞、大枣;山药、薏苡仁;黄芪、葛根、黄精。结论:临床治疗肥胖组方用药采用辨证与辨病相结合,从肝、脾、胃、肺经入手,多选用甘、苦、辛味的中药,寒温兼顾。

This medicine （TCM） CNKI, Wangfang drug property, drug flavor, channel tropism and drug efficacy. Frequency and constituent ratio of a single drug in TCM prescriptions for losing weight were put into analysis using chi square test and factor analysis to find out the medication regularity. It was found that the properties of TCM drugs in the prescriptions contained both cold and warm, while the flavors of the drugs involved pungent, sweet and light. The channel tropism of the drugs mainly belonged to spleen meridian, liver meridian, stomach meridian and lung meridian. They were mostly tonic, relieving, blood-activating, qi regulating, inhibiting-damp and antipyretic drugs. Through factor analysis we found that the common formula compatibilities were concluded as： cassia seed, lotus leaf, hawthorn, salvia mihiorrhiza, polygonum cuspidatum and radix polygonum muhiflorum; capillary artemisia, epimedium herb, stephania tetrandra and ligusticum wallichii; dried tangerine peel, pinellia ternata and poria cocos; plantain seed, pericarpium arecae and selfheal; paeonia lactiflora, angelica sinensis, scutellaria baicalensis and ligusticum wallichii; poria cocos, cassia twig, atractylodes and glycyrrhiza; immature bitter orange and bark of magnolia; radix bupleuri, lycium chinensis and jujube; Chinese yam and coix seed; and astragalus, pueraria lobata and polygonatum. In conclusion, formula compatibility mainly combined syndrome differentiation with disease differentiation for the treatment of obesity in clinic, using the drugs belonging to liver meridian, spleen meridian, stomach meridian and lung meridian with the flavors of sweet, bitterness or pungent and the nature of both warm and cold.