家庭因素对儿童心理健康影响研究

Case-control association study the effect of family factors on children's mental health

目的探讨不同家庭因素对儿童心理健康的影响,为促进儿童心理健康提供依据。方法运用病例对照研究,采用专业家庭和谐度量表作为调查工具,比较心理障碍组(99家)和无心理障碍组(100家)儿童心理健康状况得分的差异,并采用回归分析法分析得分的影响因素。结果对心理障碍组和无心理障碍组在家庭模式(单、双亲)、文化程度、收入状况等方面进行卡方检验,结果分别为:χ2=4.34,P<0.05、χ2校正=49.10,P<0.05、χ2=19.62,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义;两组年龄差异无统计学意义。心理障碍组综合平均得分为43.2分,无心理障碍组综合平均得分为72.3分,经卡方趋势检验心理障碍组和无心理障碍组之间的差异有统计学意义χ2趋势=40.86,P<0.05,心理障碍组的家庭管理方式趋向于不合理、无心理障碍组的管理方式趋向于合理。家长受教育程度、家庭成员之间相互信任度、家庭管理方式综合得分是儿童心理健康状况得分主要影响因素。结论提高家长受教育程度、增强家庭成员之间相互信任度、以及采取合理的家庭管理方式有利于儿童心理健康。

Objective To explore the influence of different family factors on children＇s mental health,and to provide bases for promoting children＇s mental health.Methods The case-control association study was used to compare the difference of children＇s mental health between the case group（99） and the control group（100） by professional family harmony degree scale,then used regression analysis method analysis of influencing factors.Results The family mode（single,parents）,culture degree,income,etc,had significant difference between the case group and the control group（χ~2= 4.34,P 0.05; χ_（校正）~2= 49.10,P 0.05; χ~2= 19.62,P 0.05）,but there is no statistically significant at age difference.The average score of the case group was 43.2 and the control group was 72.3,and the difference was statistically sighificant（χ_（趋势）~2= 40.86,P 0.05）.The cases group＇s family management style tends to be unreasonable,while the control group＇ s to be reasonable.The parents＇ level of education,mutual trust among family members,family management style composite scores are the main influencing factors of children＇ s mental health.Conclusion Improving the parents＇ level of education,enhancing mutual trust among family members,and taking reasonable way of family management is beneficial to children＇s mental health.