大学在国家创新体系中的作用——中日两国的比较分析

Universities' role in the national innovation system A Comparative Analysis on the role of China and Japan

当今世界,各国政府越来越重视大学在本国国家创新体系中所发挥的作用。在这种背景下,我国提出了"建设以企业为主体、产学研结合的技术创新体系"的战略目标。围绕这个战略目标,我国需要大力推进产学合作,推动创新驱动力发展,充分体现"创新是引领发展的第一动力"的理论高度及战略高度。本文在回顾相关文献的基础上,采用唯物史观的比较方法对中日大学在国家创新体系的现状如大学的研究经费、大学的专利活动、大学的衍生企业、科技论文情况等做了对比分析;然后运用DEA模型及PLS-SEM模型进行了进一步实证分析,比较分析中日两国大学在国家创新体系中发挥的作用。

Nowadays, governments increasingly pay more attention to the national innovation system building, especially the role that universities play in the system. In such a context, China puts forward the strategic goal of setting up a technical innovation system mainly relying on enterprises while combining industry, universities and research er. For achieving this strategic goal, China needs to vigorously promote industry-university cooperation for the innovation development. This strategy fully embodies the theoretic and strategic height that the innovation is the driving force to lead the development. Based on the review of the relevant literature and using historical materialism, this article conducts a comparison analysis on the current situation of universities in China and Japan in their own innovation system, including universities research founding, patents, spin-off companies and scientific papers. Based on demonstrations from the DEA model and the PLS-SEM model, this article concludes the different roles of universities in Japan and China in the national innovation systems.