美学区种植义齿临时冠修复的美学效果评价

The aesthetic effect of provisional prostheses of implant dentures in the maxillary anterior zone

目的:通过临床实践,对上前牙美学区种植义齿冠修复前制作临时冠进行牙龈压迫成型,验证其临床效果及美学意义。方法:80例因上前牙缺失要求种植修复的患者于前牙美学区植入韩国Dentium种植体,随机分为两组,每组40人,分为临时冠牙龈成型组和愈合基台组,两组经过相应时间后均行永久冠修复。结果:种植二期术后,临时冠组以及愈合基台组的患者相应时间段后复诊发现,龈乳头指数为0度、1度者,临时冠组的人数及所占的比例均少于愈合基台组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);龈乳头指数为2度以及3度者,临时冠组的人数及所占的比例均大于愈合基台组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。永久冠修复后患者满意度调查显示,临时冠组患者对软组织附着高度的满意率以及修复后整体美观效果满意率均高于愈合基台组患者,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);而在软组织色泽满意率、咀嚼功能恢复满意率方面,两组患者的评价的差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在美学区的种植修复病例中,在永久修复前运用临时冠牙龈成型有利于保证龈缘的美学效果,特别是对龈乳头的恢复非常有帮助。

Objective： To analysis the influence of provisional prostheses of implant dentures in the maxillary anterior zone. Methods： 80 patients were included in the study. The soft tissue was allowed to heal to either provisional resin crowns（n=40, team A） that were placed at the time of second-stage surgery, or to healing abutments（n=40, team B） before final crown insertion. Results： After the follow up, team A＇s mesial and distal papilla showed major discrepancies than team B, the difference has no statistically significant（P〉0.05）. Conclusion： The restoration of provisional protheses of implant dentures in the maxillary anterior zone is a better way to recover the contour of gingival papilla and has better aesthetic effect than the no restoration.