两汉谶纬思想的审美表达与渐变——以《汉书》《后汉书》中的谶纬记载为例

The Study of ChenWei in Ancient Han Dynasty and Its Aesthetic Transfiguration

谶纬思想在西汉开始盛行,东汉时受到统治者推崇,成为显学。谶纬思想最早以图谶或谣谶的形式流传,但未能具备成为文艺的基础,而只是作为意识形态广泛的存在于民间。西汉末年到东汉,谶纬思想开始孕育美学基础,大量出现在汉乐府诗和史书典籍中,逐步发展为一种审美表达。以《汉书》和《后汉书》为代表的史书文学,一定程度上兼具和融合了成书时代的意识形态和所记载时代的思想倾向,是跨越时代的重构和解读,能够集中反映人们思想的审美表达与渐变。

The study of ChenWei（divination） started in the Qin Dynasty, developed in the Western Han Dynasty, and became popular in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The earliest ChenWei was spread in the form of pictures and nursery rhyme, and was not yet qualified to be the base of art, but only as an ideology in the common people. Then from the end of the Western Han Dynasty to the Eastern Han Dynasty, ChenWei was getting more and more abundant in the poetry of Hanyuefu and historical classics, and gradually developed to be more artistic and aesthetic. Here take the His- tory of the Former Han and the History of the Later Han Dynasty as the representative books to make the study, because those two history books not only stood for the ear that they recorded, but also reflected the ideology and thoughts of the time, from which we can see the esthetics and its change.