青贮玉米施肥效应及经济合理施肥量确定

SILAGE CORN TO DETERMINE REASONABLE FERTILIZER FERTILIZATION EFFECT AND ECONOMY

通过在锡林郭勒盟锡林浩特市开展青贮玉米"3414"肥效试验,研究青贮玉米氮、磷、钾肥施肥效应,确定合理施肥量,指导农牧民科学施肥。试验表明:对青贮玉米增产作用最大的是氮肥,其次是磷肥,最小的是钾肥,增产幅度分别为20.5%~41.0%、16.2%~35.4%和9.6%~30.0%。不同产量水平地块,肥料的增产效应有较大差异,随着地力产量水平的提高,肥料增产效应呈降低趋势。当青贮玉米产量<60 000kg/hm^2时,每公斤肥料增产效果最大。通过施肥模型的建立,制定了不同土壤养分丰缺程度下氮、磷(P_2O_5)、钾(K_2O)肥的经济合理施肥量,其变幅范围分别为:69~219kg/hm^2、31.5~144.0kg/hm^2和24.0~97.5kg/hm^2。

In xilingol league area combining applied in forage corn ＂3414＂ experiment, study of forage maize nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizer effect, determine reasonable fertilizing amount, guide the farmers and herdsmen scientific fertilization. Test showed that the largest effect on forage maize yield is nitrogen, followed by phosphate fertilizer, the smallest is potassium, increase rate of 20.5% -41.0%, 16.2% - 35.4% and 16.2% - 41.0%. Different output levels plot, fertilizer production effect have bigger difference, With the improvement of production levels of soil fertility and fertilizer effect showed a trend of lower yield, When the forage corn output less than 60 000kg/hm2 , per kilo of fertilizer production is the largest. Through the establishment of fertiliza- tion mode, Developed under different soil nutrient abundance degree of lack of phosphorus deficiency （P2 05 ）, potassium （K2O） of the economic and reasonable fertilizer fertilizer rate. The scope of its amplitude is respectively：69 - 19 kg/hm^2, 31.5 - 144.0 kg/ hm^2, 24.0 - 97.5 kg/hm^2.