华丽巨蚊与褐尾库蚊幼虫生态习性的实验室观察

Observation of the ecological habits of Toxorhynchites splendens and Culex fuscanus larvae in laboratory

目的观察华丽巨蚊和褐尾库蚊幼虫的生态习性。方法采集自然环境的华丽巨蚊和褐尾库蚊幼虫进行实验室培育,观察两者各龄期的形态及活动特征、发育历期及捕食行为等。结果华丽巨蚊和褐尾库蚊幼虫各龄期形态及活动特征各异,均捕食其他蚊种幼虫;华丽巨蚊幼虫正常发育历期(一龄幼至蛹)平均为31.21 d,日平均捕食白纹伊蚊10.52只(4~18只),可发生滞育现象;褐尾库蚊幼虫正常发育历期(一龄幼至蛹)平均为8.67 d,未发现滞育现象。结论华丽巨蚊和褐尾库蚊都是捕食性蚊类,其幼虫生态习性不尽相同;可利用两者的捕食性作为白纹伊蚊生物防治方法。

Objective To observe ecological habits of Toxorhynchites splendens and Culex fuscanus larvae. Methods The larvae of Toxorhynchites splendens and Culex fuscanus were collected in natural environment,incubated in laboratory and the morphology and activity characteristics,developmental period and predatory behavior in different ages were observed. Results The morphology and activity characteristics of Toxorhynchites splendens and Culex fuscanus larvae in each age were different,both prey other mosquito larvae. The average developmental period of Toxorhynchites splendens larvae （first-instar young to pupa） was 31.21 days,the average daily predation was 10.52 Aedes a!bopictus （4-18 Aedes albopictus）,and the diapause could occur. The average developmental period of Culex fuscanus larva （first-instar young to pupa） was 8.67 days and no diapause was found. Conclusion Toxorhynchites splendens and Culex fuscanus were all predatory mosquitoes and the ecological habits of their larvae were not the same,their predacity can be used as a biological control method of Aedes albopictus.