AMF和植物富集土壤中铅和镉的效应

Effect of AMF and Plants on Accumulation of Pb and Cd in Soil

为了筛选更适合修复土壤重金属污染的丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)和寄主植物组合,对二月兰(Orychophragum violaeeus)、龙葵(Solanum nigrum)和麦冬(Ophiopogon japonicus)接种AM真菌摩西管柄囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae)和根内球囊霉(Glomus intraradices),通过测定Pb(1 000 mg/kg)和Cd(1.5 mg/kg)污染土壤中上述3种植物生长状况及其对Pb和Cd吸收与富集能力的影响,旨在获得富集重金属能力较强的AM真菌+植物组合。结果表明,施加Cd土壤中二月兰和麦冬的生物量高于对照,施加Pb或Cd处理显著降低龙葵的生长。龙葵对Pb和Cd富集能力最强,麦冬最弱;二月兰对Pb和Cd的转移能力最强。供试植物对Cd的富集能力和转移能力均大于对Pb的富集能力和转移能力。在Pb和Cd的胁迫下,摩西管柄囊霉和根内球囊霉均能促进供试植物的生长发育,并增加植株对Pb和Cd的富集系数,其中,摩西管柄囊霉对龙葵生物量、Pb和Cd富集系数的效应最大。综合考虑植物本身的生物量、对Pb和Cd的耐受力和富集能力,结论认为摩西管柄囊霉+龙葵组合是修复Pb或Cd污染土壤的高效AM真菌+植物组合之一,相关机制有待进一步研究。

In order to select more suitable arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi and host plant com- binations for remediating heavy metal polluted soil, we measured the growth, uptake and accumu- lation of heavy metals of Orychophragum violaeeus, Solanum nigrum and Ophiopogon japonicas in Pb （ 1 000 mg/kg） or Cd （ 1.5 mg/kg） soil inoculated with or without Funneliformis mosseae and Glomus intraradices. Results show that the biomass of O. violaeeus and O. japonicus in the Cd-add- ed soil was significantly higher than that of control, S. nigrum was the strongest in the enrichment of Pb and Cd, while O. japonicus was the weakest. O. violaeeus had the strongest transfer ability of Pb and Cd. The tested plant＇ s enrichment ability and transfer ability of Cd were higher than that of Pb. Under the stress of Pb and Cd, both F. mosseae and G. intraradices increased the plant growth and enlarged enrichment coefficients of Pb and Cd. F. mosseae had the greatest effect on the bio- mass, Pb and Cd absorption and enrichment coefficients of S. nigrum. Considering the plant bio- mass, tolerance and enrichment ability of Pb and Cd, we concluded that S. nigrum ＋ F. mosseae was one of the most efficient combinations for remediation of Pb and Cd contaminated soil. The re- lated mechanism was worthy of further study.