青藏高原高寒生境中丛枝菌根真菌研究进展

Advances in the Study of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in High Altitude and Cold Habitats on Tibetan Plateau

极端生境往往蕴藏着具有特殊生理生态功能的生物类群。海拔高、温度低、生长季节短的青藏高原高寒草原生态系统是典型的极端生境之一,目前有关该生境中分布的丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)研究已引起广泛关注。本文从青藏高原高寒生境中AM真菌的研究概况入手,论述青藏高原高寒生境中AM真菌的群落组成、物种多样性与分布特征、菌根侵染发育状况及高寒生境对AM真菌的影响。指出高寒生境中AM真菌群落结构研究方面存在的问题,探讨解决这些问题的可能途径及其研究发展前景,以期为青藏高原高寒草原生态系统稳定性的维持与受损生态系统的恢复提供理论依据。

There are many special organisms in extreme habitats. Tibetan Plateau alpine meadow e- cosystem is one of the most important extreme habitats in terrestrial ecosystem, it has the character- istics with high altitude, low temperature, and short growing season. Nowadays, the studies of ar- buscular mycorrhizal （AM） on Tibetan Plateau has been widely concerned. This review mainly dis- cussed on AM fungi communities composition, AM fungi diversity and their distribution character- istics, AM colonization feature, and abiotic factors on the effect of AM fungi. At the same time, the shortcomings about the heterogeneity of adverse habitats on AM fungi communities were pointed out for further study. Based on this, these research achievements were summarized in order to pro- vide a theoretical basis for the maintenance of the stability in Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe ecosys- tem.