深地煤炭资源流态化开采理论与技术构想

Theoretical and technological conception of the fluidization mining for deep coal resources

地球浅部煤炭资源逐步开采殆尽,煤炭资源开发不断走向地球深部。然而,面对深部地层环境与极限开采深度的限制,传统采矿学与力学等理论难以解决深部煤炭开采出现的技术难题,深部煤炭绿色安全高效生产面临严峻挑战。结合深地煤炭资源开发的未来趋势,提出深地煤炭资源流态化开采的颠覆性科学构想及流态化开采定义、目标与内涵,建立深地流态化开采的应力-温度-渗流-化学-微生物等多种作用机制的多场耦合模型与可视化理论,揭示煤炭流态转换的物理、化学与生物机制,建立深地煤炭资源的采、选、充、电、热、气一体化的物理流态化开采、化学转化流态化开采、生物降解流态化开采、物理破碎流态化开采等颠覆性理论和技术。在此基础上,提出"2025基础研究、2035技术攻关、2050集成示范"的战略实施路线,构建深地煤炭资源无人智能化的采选充一体化开采、热电气集成转化的流态化开采理论与技术体系,达到"地上无煤、井下无人"的绿色环保目标,实现深地煤炭资源开采的颠覆性变革。

The depth of coal mining increases continuously owing to the exhaustion of the shallow coal resources.However,the technical difficulties which occur during deep coal mining cannot be solved well by using the traditional theories,such as mining science and mechanics,because of the limit of the deep geo-environment and critical mining depth.Therefore,to implement deep coal mining with a green,safe and efficient way will meet serious challenges. According to the trend of the exploitation of deep coal resources,a disruptive idea,the fluidized mining of deep underground coal resources,was presented in this paper.The definition,goals and meaning of the fluidized mining were also proposed.The multi-coupled field model and the visualization theory for multi-mechanism of stress-temperature-chemistry-microorganism were established. The physical,chemical,biological mechanism of coal fluidized transformation wasinterpreted.A series of disruptive theories and technologies,such as physical fluidized mining including exploitation,separation,filling,electricity and heat generation,gasification,the fluidized mining of chemical transformation,the fluidized mining of bio-degradation,the fluidized mining of physical grinding,were established. Afterwards,the strategic implementation routine of ＂2025 basic research,2035 technological breakthrough,and 2050 integrated demonstration＂,was put forward. The disruptive revolution of deep coal resource exploitation,including the implementation of deep coal resource integration mining for exploitation separation and filling with unmanned intellectualization,the formation of the theory and technology system for fluidized mining of integrated transformation of heat,electricity and gas,and to reach the green environmental protection goal for coal free ground and unmanned underground mine,will be realized.