竹龄对竹纤维束提取及性能的影响

Effect of age on bamboo fiber bundle extraction and properties

竹材是我国重要森林资源,以竹材提取竹纤维用作增强材料制备复合材已受到广泛关注。本文以化学辅助机械分离方法提取竹纤维束,研究竹龄对竹纤维束性能的影响。研究表明:随竹龄增加,竹纤维束中纤维素含量降低,半纤维素和木质素含量增加,苯醇抽提物含量相当且较原竹材大大降低,竹纤维束中残胶率增加,相对结晶度降低,1~3年生竹材提取竹纤维束,2年生竹材提取竹纤维束回潮率最低,1年竹竹纤维束拉伸模量和断裂伸长率最高。说明各竹龄竹纤维束化学性能受竹龄影响较大。从竹纤维提取能耗和后续应用角度考虑,提取竹纤维束宜以中幼林竹为原料更佳。

As an important forest resource, the using of bamboo fiber which extracted from bamboo, as a reinforcing material for preparing composite has attracted widespread attention. In this paper, bamboo fiber were extracted by chemically assisted mechanical separation, effect of age on the bamboo fiber bundle properties were studied. It showed that： with the increase of age, the content of cellulose in bamboo fiber bundle decreased, while the content of hemicellulose and lignin increased; the content benzene-alcohol extractor reduced roughly rather than the original bamboo, residual gum in bamboo fiber bundles increased, and the degree of relative crystallinity reduced. Bamboo extracted for bamboo fibers within 1-3-years old, the 2- years old bamboo extracted for bamboo fibers got a minimum regain rate; bamboo fiber bundle from 1-year old got the best tensile modulus and elongation at break up. As above, the chemical properties of bamboo fiber bundles were affected by the age bamboo. On the view of energy consumption in bamboo fiber extraction subsequent and the later application of bamboo fiber, it should be better for young bamboo to extract for bamboo fiber bundle as a raw material.