少数民族大学生学习适应性研究——以S校为例

On the Learning Adaptability of Ethnic Minority College Students:Taking S University as an Example

本研究采用问卷调查的形式,从学习动机、学习态度、学习方法、身心适应、学习环境适应五个维度,对S校145名少数民族大学生的学习适应性进行研究。研究结果显示:被调查的少数民族大学生学习适应性整体水平处于中等偏上水平;女生的环境适应水平显著高于男生;东乡族、藏族、维吾尔族等民族环境适应能力最差;大四学生学习动机水平最高,大三、大一、大二次之;农学、理工类少数民族学生身心适应最差,历史学、文学类专业的少数民族学生身心适应最好;学习适应性与学业成绩呈显著正相关;影响学习适应性的因素有专业课难度、汉语水平、班级关系、老师授课方式和父母支持等。最后,本研究从少数民族大学生自身、学校及家庭三方面对提高少数民族大学生的学习适应性提出建议。

In the study, 145 ethnic minority students are surveyed with the aspects learning attitude, learning method, physical and mental adaptation and environment of learning adjustment. motivation The restilts show that the academic adjustment of participants has the following ,characteristics： Firstly, the overall levelt of academic adjustment of ethnic minority college students at the University S is in medium level. Secondly, girls have better environment adjustment than boys. Thirdly, the Dongxiang, Tibetan, Uygur are less adjusted in environment than other ethnic minority students. Fourthly, the academic motivation of senior ethnic minority students is the highest, and then is junior, freshman and sophomore students. Fifthly, ethnic minority students of humanities have better physical and mental adjustment than students of science. Sixth, there is a significant positive correlation between academic adjustment and academic achievement of ethnic minority students. Lastly, the main factors influencing ethnic minority students＇ adjustment are ＂ difficulty of cour- ses＂, ＂Chinese proficiency＂, ＂class relationships＂, teachers teaching style＇ and parental support. Accord- ing to the findings of the study, some recommendations are made from the perspective of ethnic minority students, college and family.