基于C、N同位素技术的河流食物网基础碳源研究进展

Research on Carbon Sources of River Food Webs Based on the Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopic Technique

基础碳源是河流生态系统最重要的特征之一,它通过生物间能量传递,影响着河流生态系统生物多样性、群落结构及其稳定性。本文基于稳定性同位素技术综述了河流基础碳源类型、食物网能量贡献率估算模型、食物网基础碳源理论模型(河流生产力模型RPM、河流连续模型RCC和河流脉冲模型FPC)及其交互作用以及它们在实际应用上的利弊,介绍了能较好平衡各种模型利弊、适应于多样化水文特征的河流生态系统综合体(RES)新假说,并展望了稳定性同位素技术与非致命取样方法相结合建立长期河流同位素数据库的重要意义,旨在推动对河流生态系统中不同生物之间营养关系的理解,为河流生态系统的修复与保护提供理论依据。

The fundamental carbon source is one of the most important ecosystem indice which can influence the biodiversity, pattern and stability of the river ecosystem through inter-specific energy transformation. This paper reviewed the types of fundamental carbon sources, the estimation models of their energy contribution to food webs and carbon source theory model based food webs, which was based on stable isotope techniques. The carbon theory model based on food webs and its interaction were explored, which included Riverine Productivity Model （RPM） , River Continuum Concept （RCC） and Flood Pulse Concept （FPC）. Meanwhile, we discussed the pros and cons of these models in practical applications and put forward the hypothesis that the riverine ecosystem synthesis adapted to diversified hydrological characteristics can balance the advantages and disadvantages among these models. In conclusion, it is important to establish a long-term river isotope database by stability isotope technology combined with a non - lethal sampling method. This paper further explained the relation of different biological nutrients in river ecosystem and provided a theoretical basis for restoration and protection of river ecosystem.