从价值评估到身份认定——广州工业遗产保护过程中的利益表达与协商

From Value Assessment to Heritage Qualification:The Negotiating and Battling Process in Guangzhou's Industrial Heritage Conservation

在中国工业遗产保护的过程中,长期存在将价值评估与保护身份认定混淆在一起的误区。因缺乏长期有效的多方协商机制,工业遗产登录过程中各相关利益方的诉求往往被忽视。文章阐述了工业遗产价值评估和身份认定各自的含义及两者间的区别,借鉴香港将历史遗迹价值评估与保护身份赋予两个步骤分离的经验做法,并以广州为例,简述工业遗产登录流程,比较多个工业遗产保护身份确认的实际案例中协商介入的时机与持续阶段、参与协商的主体,以及协商形式,对其效果做出总结和评价;接下来进一步就工业遗产的产权特殊性、相关利益主体识别困难性、协商机制有效性等方面展开讨论;最后对工业遗产保护过程中多方协商机制的建立提出建议。

In the process of industrial heritage conservation, there has been a confusion between value assessment and heritage qualification for a long time. Lacking effective consultation system, opinions from diverse stakeholders are often neglected in the listing process. This article distinguishes value assessment and heritage qualification, and learns from the advanced experiences in Hong Kong where value assessment and heritage qualification are separated. The article emphatically focuses on the practice of industrial heritage conservation in Guangzhou, illustrating the listing procedure, comparing the participants of negotiation, the timing of intervention, and the modality and effect of consultation in four cases. It also discusses the particularity of industrial heritage, difficulties in identifying interest bodies and effectiveness of the consultation mechanism. The article draws the conclusion and gives suggestions on establishing a multi-body consultation system in the process of industrial heritage conservation.