不同产地藿香核型及似近系数聚类分析

Analysis of Karyotypes and Resemblance-near Coefficients of Agastache rugosa From Different Areas

为了研究藿香核型特征及不同产地间藿香的进化关系,以来自河南商丘(HNSQ)、四川成都(SCCD)、河北邯郸(HBHD)、河北安国(HBAG)、吉林长春(JLCC)5个产地的藿香为试验材料,采用常规压片的方法进行核型分析,并用核型似近系数聚类分析对其进行聚类分析。结果表明,5个产地的藿香染色体数目均为2n=2x=18,染色体类型为sm、m、st、M,核不对称系数分布在59.48%~65.43%之间。仅HBHD藿香核型为3B型,其余产地藿香核型均为2B型。JLCC与HBAG藿香的核型似近系数最大为0.9982,核型进化距离为0.0018,亲缘关系最近;SCCD与JLCC藿香的核型似近系数最小为0.9720,核型进化距离为0.0280,亲缘关系最远。不同产地藿香在核型上存在较大差异,其中JLCC藿香的核型最为原始,SCCD藿香的核型较为进化。本研究初步确定了不同产地藿香的核型差异及进化关系,为进一步研究藿香细胞分类学问题奠定了理论基础。

In order to explore the karyotype characteristics and evolutionary relationships of Agastache rugosa from five different areas,A. rugosa,come from Shangqiu,Henan（ HNSQ）,Chengdu,Sichuan（ SCCD）,Handan,Hebei（ HBHD）,Anguo,Hebei（ HBAG）,and Changchun,Jilin（ JLCC）,were used as experimental materials. The karyotypes of A. rugosa from five different areas were analyzed using conventional pressed slice method and clustered with resemblance-near coefficient. The results showed that the chromosome numbers of A. rugosa from five different areas were 18. Chromosome types of A. rugosa consisted of sm,m,st and M,asymmetry coefficient was ranged from 59. 48% to 65. 43%. The karyotype of A. rugosa from HBHD was 3B,the others were 2B. Karyotype clustering analysis showed that the genetic relationship between JLCC and HBAG was closest,with the highest resemblance-near coefficient of 0.9982,and their evolution distance was 0. 0018. The farthest genetic relationship was between SCCD and JLCC,and their resemblance-near coefficient was the lowest,0. 9716,and their evolution distance was 0. 0284. The karyotype varies within A. rugosa from different areas. Among five areas,the karyotype of A. rugosa from JLCC was the most primitive,and SCCD area was more evolutive. The karyotype differences and evolutionary relationship among A. rugosa from different areas were defined in this study,which lays the foundation for further study of cell classification issues of A. rugosa.