3种方法检测不同性状痰标本抗酸杆菌阳性率比较

Comparison on the positive rate of acid fast bacilli in sputum samples with different characters by 3 methods

目的评价Xpert MTB/RIF检测法(半巢式全自动实时荧光定量核酸扩增检测)、固体培养法、涂片镜检法检测不同性状痰标本抗酸杆菌阳性检出率,探讨Xpert MTB/RIF新技术在结核病检查中的应用。方法选取382例疑似肺结核患者痰标本,分别进行涂片镜检、固体培养和Xpert MTB/RIF检测,对结果进行比较分析。结果涂片镜检法、固体培养法和Xpert MTB/RIF法阳性检出率依次为17.5%、24.9%、29.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=15.43,P<0.01);涂片镜检法、固体培养法和Xpert MTB/RIF法在不同性状痰标本中阳性检出率逐渐增高,其中在唾液标本中阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.90,P<0.01)。结论 Xpert MTB/RIF快速检测法阳性检出率高,对于早期诊断发现传染源,控制结核病流行传播具有重要意义。

Objective To evaluate the positive rate of acid fast bacilli in sputum samples with different characters by Xpert MTB/RIF（ Semi automatic real-time quantitative PCR detection）,solid culture and smear,so as to explore the application of new technology of Xpert MTB/RIF in tuberculosis examination. Methods 382 sputum samples were collected from suspected patients with pulmonary tuberculosis for the tests by smear,solid culture and Xpert MTB/RIF. The results were compared and analyzed. Results The positive rates of smear,solid culture and Xpert MTB/RIF were 17. 5%,24. 9%,29. 6%,and there was statistical significance on the differences（ χ^2= 15. 43,P〈0. 01）; the detection rate gradually increased in sputum samples with different characters by Xpert MTB/RIF,solid culture and smear. There was a statistical significance in the difference of detection rates in saliva samples（ χ^2= 11. 90,P〈0. 01）. Conclusion The positive rate of Xpert MTB/RIF is high,which is of great significance for the early diagnosis and the control of tuberculosis epidemic.