发动机曲轴橡胶扭转减振器稳健性优化匹配

Robust Optimal Matching of Rubber-Type Torsional Vibration Damper for Engine Crankshaft

利用分数导数动力学模型描述橡胶扭转减振器的非线性动态特性,根据系统能量等效思路,将分数导数模型等效为"质量-弹簧-阻尼"模型,并建立带有橡胶扭转减振器动力学模型的发动机曲轴系统集总参数模型;接着采用遗传算法对设计参数进行初步优化,然后应用Taguchi方法进行橡胶扭转减振器稳健性优化匹配;最后在优化结果的基础上,试制不同组合设计参数的橡胶扭转减振器,并开展相关试验验证匹配了不同橡胶扭转减振器的曲轴轴系的扭振减振效果.验证结果表明:分数导数扭转减振器动力学模型可用于发动机曲轴扭振特性的分析,对橡胶扭转减振器进行稳健性优化匹配可得到在现有条件下最佳的减振效果.

In this paper, first, the dynamic characteristics of rubber-type torsional vibration damper are described by using the fractional derivative model. Next, according to the equivalent principle of system energy consumption, the fractional derivative model is simplified as a mass-spring-damping model, and a lumped parameter model of crankshaft system with rubber-type torsional vibration damper is established. Then, the design parameters are pre-liminarily optimized by using the genetic algorithm, and the robust optimal matching of rubber-type torsional vibra-tion damper is performed by means of the Taguchi method. Finally, rubber-type torsional vibration dampers with different design parameters are manufactured on the basis of the optimization results, and the torsional vibration damping effect of the crankshaft with different rubber-type torsional vibration dampers is tested and verified. The re-sults show that the fractional derivative model is effective in analyzing the dynamic characteristics of rubber-type tor-sional vibration dampers, and that robust optimal matching helps to obtain the best damping effect of rubber-type torsional vibration dampers.