小果核果茶扦插繁殖技术研究

Cutting propagation of Pyrenaria microcarpa

小果核果茶为山茶科石笔木属常绿乔木,树形美观,叶泽光亮,洁白亮丽的花朵和茂密的果实具有较高的观赏价值;而且其种子含油量高,是一种具有潜在开发价值的新型生物能源植物。该研究采用4因素3水平的正交设计,分析了激素种类、处理浓度、浸泡时间和扦插基质对小果核果茶扦插生根的影响,并以生根率、生根数和平均根长为扦插生根效果的评价指标,构建生根效果指数,总体评价小果核果茶的生根效果。结果表明:对生根效果指数影响最大的是扦插基质,激素种类次之,影响最小的是处理时间。其中,扦插基质对生根效果指数的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05);当激素种类为NAA、处理浓度为500mg·L^(-1)、处理时间为12 h、扦插基质为泥炭土时,小果核果茶扦插的生根效果最好。该研究结果为小果核果茶的栽培生产、育种以及资源开发和利用提供了科学依据。

Pyrenaria microcarpa,belong to Theaceae,Tutcheria is an evergreen tree with beauty shape,brilliant leaf,pure white color flowers,dense fruit and great value for enjoyment. It is a potential new biological energy plants for high oil content in its seeds. In order to provide scientific support for cottage breeding and cultivation of Pyrenaria microcarpa,an experiment was designed to find out the optimum conditions of cuttings rooting in this species. Taking rooting rate,rooting number,average root length,and rooting effect index as evaluation index system,the effects of four factors including hormone type and concentration,treating time,substrate type on rooting of cuttings of 1-2 year（ s） old branches of P. Microcarpa were studied with orthogonal design L9（ 34）. The results showed that substrate type was the key factor affecting rooting of cuttings,hormone type was second,and treating time was the least. The substrate type had significant effects on rooting effect index of cuttings,while effects of other three factors did not achieve significant levels. The optimum treatment of rooting of cuttings was treated with 500 mg·L-1NAA for 12 h,and taking peat soil as substrate. The results provide scientific basis for cultivation,exploitation and utilization of P. microcarpa.