骨科手术患者术后早期进食的效果观察

Effect of early food intake for patients undergoing non-spinal orthopedic surgery

目的观察骨科手术患者在椎管内麻醉或全麻术后早期进食的效果。方法选择在本院骨科住院并在椎管内麻醉或全麻下接受手术的手术患者52例,按照病房单位分为实验组30例和对照组22例。实验组遵医嘱,告知患者麻醉清醒后感到饥饿即可进食(不必经过排气),对照组术后6~8h后进食。比较两组患者的首次排气时间、首次进食量、首次进食症状和住院时间。结果实验组患者术后首次排气时间早于对照组;首次进食后实验组患者无恶心、呕吐、腹胀发生,且口渴和饥饿的发生率低于对照组患者,出院时间明显早于对照组患者,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05);两组患者在首次进食量方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论骨科非脊柱手术患者术后早期进食是可行的,有利于患者尽早排气,减少进食并发症和缩短住院时间。

Objective To observe the effect of early food intake for the patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under intravertebral anesthesia or general anesthesia. Methods A total of 52 cases of orthopedic surgeries under intravertebral anesthesia or general anesthesia from the orthopedic department in the First Hospital of Tsinghua University were randomly divided into an experiment group（n=30） and control group（n=22）. The experiment group followed the orders of their doctor, allowed to eat food any time after the anesthesia wore off（without exhaustion beforehand） and the control group was asked to eat after 6 ~8h. The two groups were compared in terms of the first time for exhaustion, the feeding amount for the first time and the symptoms for the first time. Results The first time for exhaustion in the experiment group was earlier than that of the control group, showing significant difference between them（ P〈0.05）.The amount of food intake of the two groups was insignificantly different（P〉0.05）. After the first feeding, the patients in the experiment group had no nausea/vomiting and abdominal distension, and the incidence of thirst and hunger was significantly lower in the experiment group than that in the control group（P〈0.05）. The discharge time was significantly earlier than that in the control group（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion It is feasible for patients undergoing orthopedic surgery to eat food early. Patients are able to eat food once they are conscious and it is not necessary to wait until gastrointestinal function fully recovered.