再论殷墟甲骨文中句式使用的组类差异——以“燎”字句为例

Rediscussion on the Distribution Differences of Constructions in two Groups of Oracle-bone Inscriptions from Yin(殷) Ruins:A Case Study of the Construction with Liao(燎)

殷墟甲骨文有王卜辞与非王卜辞之分,而两者又都可以再细分为不同的组类。不同组类的卜辞之间存在着多方面的差异,如字体、书体、用字习惯、句式使用等。在神名、牲名、祭祀动词三者同时出现的情况下,不同组类的卜辞选用什么样的句式有一定的规律。如,与"岁"字句恰好相反,"燎"字双宾语句及其相关句式除极少数例子外,几乎都出现于王卜辞中,其中尤以村北系列的卜辞中最为集中;而与"岁"字句完全一样的是,"燎"字其他句式也全部见于王卜辞中,以村中南系列的卜辞中最为集中。非王卜辞在引出神名宾语时,不使用介词"于"。而王卜辞中,无论是村北系列还是村中南系列,都喜好使用介词"于"。

Oracle bone inscriptions from Yin Ruins can be classified into two major groups, the King＇s inscriptions and the non-King＇s inscriptions, and both groups can be further divided into a number of sub-groups .There are various differences in the different groups, like the calligraphic style, chirography, the character use custom ,the sentence type use and so on. When the god name, the Sacrifice, the sacrifical offering verb simultaneously appear, How to use the sentence type among different groups, there are certain rules. Contrary to sui（岁） sentences, Nearly all the double-object constructions with Liao（燎） and some related ones are found in King＇s inscriptions, especially the north ones. Same with sui（岁） sentences, the other types also completely appear in the King＇s inscriptions, especially the middle and south ones. When followed by the god name, the non-King＇s inscriptions don＇t use the preposition ＂in＂, but the King＇s inscriptions all like using the preposition ＂in＂, regardless of the north ones or the middle and south ones.