冬闲田种植大麦不同生育期的营养价值和青贮品质

Nutritive value and silage quality of barley grown in winter fallow fields and harvested at different growth stages

利用冬闲田种植一年生饲草或饲料作物,是解决南方粗饲料不足的有效途径。本研究利用冬闲田种植大麦(Hordeum vulgare),分析其不同刈割期的产量、营养价值和青贮发酵品质。主要研究结果如下,1)大麦的干物质产量随生育期的推进逐渐提高,但乳熟期相对饲用价值和干物质消化率显著高于其它生育期(P<0.05),分别为107.19和63.84%。2)随着生育期的推进,全株大麦青贮发酵品质显著提高(P<0.05)。3)添加乳酸菌Lactobacillus plantarum CCZZ1可以显著增加各生育期大麦青贮饲料的乳酸含量,降低pH、丁酸和氨态氮含量(P<0.05),显著提高青贮发酵品质(P<0.05),但开窖后容易引起有氧变质;添加乳酸菌L.parafarraqinis ZH1能有效改善各生育期大麦青贮饲料的有氧稳定性。因此,冬闲田种植大麦宜在乳熟期至蜡熟早期收割青贮,并有益南方畜牧业发展。

Planting annual forage crops in winter fallow fields is a main way to solve the problem of roughage shortage in southern China.In this study,the yields,nutritive value,and fermentation quality of barley（Hordeum vulgare）were determined.The main results were as follows：1）Dry matter yield of barley increased with maturity.Relative feed value and dry matter digestibility of barley at the milk stage were 107.19and63.84%,respectively,and were significantly higher than those at other stages（P〈0.05）.2）The fermentation quality of barley silage was increased with the maturity of barley.3）Lactobacillus plantarum CCZZ1 inoculation significantly reduced pH values and ammonia-nitrogen content of barley silages at all stages of maturity,and markedly increased lactic acid content（P〈0.05）,but was apt to aerobic deterioration after silo was opened.Inoculating L.parafarraqinis ZH1 improved aerobic stability of silages at all maturity stages.From these results we can infer that barley grown in winter fallow fields should be harvested in the milk to early dough silage,which will be beneficial for the development of southern China.