杂交高粱主要穗部性状与籽粒品质性状的关系

Relationships between panicle and the grain quality traits of hybrid sorghum

为明确杂交高粱(Sorghum bicolor)主要穗部性状与籽粒品质的关系,以58个杂交组合为材料,应用相关分析和灰色关联度分析方法对杂交高粱群体的穗长、穗轴长、一级枝梗数、二级枝梗数、穗粒数、千粒重、穗粒重等主要穗部性状和粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗淀粉、支链淀粉、单宁含量等籽粒品质性状进行了分析。结果表明,相关分析和灰色关联度分析的主要穗部性状之间的关系结果一致,穗部性状与穗粒重相关联的顺序是千粒重>穗粒数>二级枝梗数>一级枝梗数>穗长>穗轴长。两种分析方法在分析穗部性状与品质性状之间的关系存在一定差异。关联度分析表明,各穗部性状对单宁含量关联度较小,穗长、穗轴长、穗粒数这3个性状对各品质性状的关联度较大。而相关分析表明,粗脂肪含量与穗长和穗轴长呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);粗淀粉含量与穗粒数呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与千粒重呈显著正相关(P<0.05);支链淀粉含量与穗长和穗粒数呈显著负相关(P<0.05);单宁含量与一级枝梗数和二级枝梗数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与千粒重呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。相关分析结果比灰色关联度分析结果准确,其结果可为选育高产、优质杂交高粱新品种提供理论依据。

This study aimed to understand the relationships between panicle traits and the grain quality traits of hybrid sorghum.Using 58 hybrid combinations of sorghum,panicle traits（spike length,spike-stalk length,primary branch number,secondary branch number,grain number per spike,thousand seed weight,and single grain yield）and grain quality traits（crude protein,crude fat,starch,amylopectin,and tannins）were analysed by correlation and grey correlation analysis.Correlation and grey correlation analysis were based on the relationship between the main panicle traits and single grain yield showed similar results,and the sequence of the relationship was thousand seed weight〉grain number per spike〉secondary branch number〉primary branch number〉spike length〉spike-stalk length.However,relationships between panicle traits and quality traits differed between the two methods of analysis.Grey correlation analysis showed a weak correlation between panicle character and tannin content,and that spike length,spike-stalk length or spike grain number and the three characters of grain quality traits had stronger correlation.Correlation analysis showed that crude fat content had strong significant negative correlation with spike length and spike-stalk length;Starch content had negative correlation with grain number per spike and was significantly positively related to thousand seed weight;Amylopectin had a significant negative correlation with grain number per spike and spike length;Tannins had strong significant negative correlation with primary branch number and secondary branch number,and was significantly negatively related to thousand seed weight.Correlation analysis results were more accurate than those of grey correlation degree analysis.As such,correlation analysis results can provide a theory basis for high yield and high quality sorghum hybrid breeding.