“三区”科技服务对养蜂效果的影响

The Effect of Science and Technology Services of Three Districts on Bee-keeping

为评估"三区"科技服务政策对养蜂效果的影响,于2015-2016年在罗平县开展"三区"科技服务4次,每次4~5天,合计培训人数59人次,调查培训前后养蜂人员制作王台数、移虫数、蜂王出房数、交尾成功数、新分出蜂群数以及获得蜂产品数量,以相关性分析评价科技服务对培训效果的影响。结果表明,制作王台数量增加到了91个/户,为培训前的6.57倍,移虫数量达到了76个/户,为培训前的7.82倍,蜂王出房数达到了60个/户,为培训前的5.76倍;交尾成功的蜂王达36个/户,为培训前的4.52倍,蜂产品产量同比增长率为87.98%。通过人工育王后获得蜂蜜斤数与王台制作(R=0.434)、移虫(R=0.473)、蜂王出房(R=0.479)、交尾成功(R=0.564)、分出蜂群(R=0.558)呈正相关性,P<0.05,说明培训能有效增加蜂蜜的产量。结论,以"理论+实践+蜂农"结合政策扶持为指导,如发放一定数量的标准化蜂箱、引进先进的生产工艺、设备,在"三区"服务中具有较好的推广价值;充分发挥当地特色,整体推进,中蜂科学养殖能取得更好的成效。

In order to assess the effect of science and technology services of Three Districts on bee-keeping, we lunched 4 trains and 4-5 days per trains on total 59 peo- ple for bee-keeping technology services, and then investi- gated the change of queen cell, larva movement numbers, queen emergency numbers, queen mating success numbers, build-up new colonies and harvest honey, assessment the effect of services by correlation analysis. The result showed that the created queen cell numbers increased to91 per household was 6.57 multiples of pre-training; larva movement numbers increased to 76 per household （was 7.82 multiples）, queen emergency numbers increased to 60 per household （was 5.76 multiples）, queen mating success num- bers increased to 36 per household （was 4.52 multiples）. Harvest honey growth rate by the training was 87.98% and had positive Correlation with queen cell（R =0.434）, larva movement （R =0.473）, queen emergency （R =0.479）, queen mating success（R =0.564）, P 〈0.05. The services training could increase the products of honey and theory＋prac- tice ＋man＂ combine with policies support, e.g. provide standard hive and bring in advanced manufacture tech- niques and equipments, has great promotional value in sci- ence and technology services of Three Districts. Give full play to local feature and boost entity economy so that orient honeybee （Apis Cerana） sciences keeping take more effectiveness.