多元化健康教育在腹膜透析患者中的应用

Application of diversified health education in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis

目的:观察实施多元化健康教育在腹膜透析患者中的应用效果。方法:将2014年1月~2016年9月100例腹膜透析患者作为研究对象,采取随机原则等分为传统教育组和多元化教育组,传统教育组采用发放健康教育手册、口头教育方式等传统的健康教育方式进行教育;多元化教育组采用一对一的个体培训、图文式教育方式、成立专题健康教育课堂、个性化教育、随访管理等多元化教育模式。比较健康前后两组掌握腹膜透析知识、透析操作、服药、饮食摄入及记录、控制水盐及病情监测改变情况。结果:多元化教育组腹膜透析知识、透析操作、服药、饮食摄入及记录、控制水盐及病情监测明显优于传统教育组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:多元化健康教育可以提高患者的腹膜透析知识知晓率及自我管理能力,对减少腹膜透析并发症、改善营养状态有积极重要意义。

Objective ： To observe the application effect of diversified health education in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. Methods ： Took 100 patients re- ceiving peritoneal dialysis from January 2014 to September 2016 as the research target, and they were equally divided into traditional education group and diversified education group at random; the patients in the traditional group received education in traditional health education manners such as issuing health education manual and oral education, and patients in the diversified education group received the diversified education model such as one - to - one individ- ual training, graphic education method, establishment of topical health education class, individualized education and follow - up management. Patients in the two groups were compared in mastering of peritoneal dialysis knowledge, dialysis operation, medicine taking, dietary intake and record and control of water, salt and change of disease monitoring before and after rehabilitation. Results：The peritoneal dialysis knowledge, dialysis operation, medicine taking, dietary intake and record and control of water, salt and change of disease monitoring of patients in the diversified education group were significantly better than those of patients in the traditional education group, and the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： Diversified health education could increase the peritoneal dialysis knowledge and self - management rate of patients, and was positively significant to reduce the peritoneal dialysis com- plications and improve the nutrition state.